584 president's address. 



As regards the date when this partial folding of the Upper 

 Devonian of New South Wales took place, it certainly was earlier 

 than the Permo-Carboniferous Period in New South Wales, and 

 was perhaps contemporaneous with a portion of the Permo- 

 Carboniferous Period of Queensland.^ 



YI. Carboniferous. 



(1) Victoria. In Victoria rocks of Carboniferous (possibly 

 Upper Devonian) Age, though inclined and undulating, are in 

 some places horizontal, and have nowhere been folded or meta- 

 morphosed to the extent observable in the older rocks. 



Rocks referable to the above horizon are developed chiefly in 

 two areas, in the east and western portions of Victoria respectively. 



The eastern development forms an immense trough, extending 

 in a N.W. and S.E. direction from Mansfield to Gippsland, 100 

 miles in length, and averaging 20 miles in width. The Iguana 

 Creek beds, typical of this series, are composed of bedded felstones, 

 conglomerates, quartzose sandstones, reddish sandstones and shales. 



The following fossil plants have been recorded from them : — 

 Cordaites australis, McCoy, Ai^chceopteris Hoivitti, McCoy, allied 

 to the Canadian Upper Devonian A. Jacksoni^ and to the A. 



* Unfortunately the expression Permo-Carboniferous is used with two very 

 different meanings by Queensland and New South Wales geologists respec- 

 tively. In New South Wales the term Permo-Carboniferous is applied to a 

 group of rocks partly marine partly freshwater, the freshwater beds being 

 specially characterised by the prevalence of Glossopteris and Gangamopteris, 

 while the marine beds contain a fauna partly of Permian and partly of 

 Carboniferous affinities. This is the equivalent of the ^Middle and Upper 

 Bowen Series of Queensland, but in the latter colony an immense series of 

 older beds is included under the term Permo-Carboniferous, as for example 

 the Lower Bowen, the Star, and the Gympie Series. Probable equivalents 

 of all these are found in New South Wales, but as in New South Wales the 

 junction between the Glossopteris group and that immediately below it 

 appeal's to be unconformable, and there is certainly a very strong break in 

 the flora, the underlying group has been separated from the overlying and 

 is provisionally called Carboniferous, as the fossils contained in it, both 

 plant and animal, are simply of Carboniferous types, without any important 

 admixture, as far as at present known, of Permian forms. 



