PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. 593 



In the Stroud district the whole of the Carboniferous rocks are 

 highly folded on necarly meridional lines inclining slightly to west 

 of north. The folding here may have commenced in the Perino- 

 Carboniferous, but for the most part it took place subsequent to 

 the deposition of the Permo-Carboniferous rocks, as the latter 

 have been involved in the folding. 



In New England the Gympie Series has been highly folded 

 along axes striking between W.N.W. and N. by W., the general 

 direction appearing to be about N.N.W. 



In Queensland the rocks of the Star Series do not appear to 

 have been much folded, and this is also the case with their 

 equivalents in New South Wales. 



The general lines of folding of the Gympie in Southern Queens- 

 land appear to have been nearly N. and S., and in Northern and 

 Central Queensland N.W. and S.E., with occasional N. and S. 

 folds. Mr. Jack writes to me — "The folding of the Gympie 

 formation must have been the chief factor in the evolution of the 

 eastern coast range. That it took place before the deposition of 

 the Star formation I have little doubt in my mind, as the latter, 

 though nowhere observed in contact with the Gympie, is compara- 

 tively undisturbed." The folding therefore probably took place 

 some time anterior to the existence of the Glosso2)teris flora in 

 Australia, the earliest traces of which have been found in Permo- 

 Carbouiferous rocks, as the Permo-Carboniferous strata are for 

 the most part only gently inclined. 



The Carboniferous rocks of the Kimberley District in West 

 Australia have been tilted locally but not folded. 



C. liOWER BowEN Formation. — This formation in the type 

 district in Queensland consists of coarse volcanic agglomerate 

 and conglomerate capped by yellow siliceous sandstone and soft 

 sandstone, the aggregate thickness being about 1000 feet. These 

 are capped by the interbedded porphyrites and basalts, typically 

 developed at Mount Toussaint and Mount Devlin. The exact 

 thickness of these contemporaneous lavas is not stated by Mr. 



