606 president's address. 



1500 feet of sandstones, containing undescribed specimens of 

 Lepidodendron, Lejjidostrobus, Lepidophi/llum, Sigillaria, Sagenaria, 

 Calamites, and Cyperites. 



It is probable that Eastern Australia was united to Western 

 Australia during some portion of the Carboniferous or of the 

 Devonian Periods. 



With regard to the inferences which may be deduced from the 

 folding, it is clear that (1) the earliest known folding of the 

 Australasian region took place in Pre-Cambrian time in Australia 

 and Tasmania, and at least as far back as Pre-Silurian time in 

 New Zealand. In Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania the 

 original lines of folding along the Tasmanian and Adelaide Axes 

 continued to be developed all through the Cambrian, Silurian and 

 part of Devonian time, and along the Tasmanian Axis during 

 portion, at least, of the Carboniferous Period. The Kosciusko 

 Axis, however, would appear to be of somewhat later origin than 

 the Tasmanian and Adelaide and New Zealand Axes. I would 

 suggest tentatively that this axis became developed in the middle 

 of the V-shaped area enclosed between the Tasmanian N.W. and 

 S.E., and the New Zealand N.E. and S.W. axis, and in propor- 

 tion as the Kosciusko Axis developed and extended itself into 

 Queensland, so the Tasmanian Axis was less used for expending 

 the contractile energy of the coast. 



(2) Possibly an extension northwards of this Kosciusko Axis 

 in Carboniferous time reclaimed for the Australian continent an 

 area in New England, part of which had formed the Hoor of an 

 ocean of moderate depth. The unfossiliferous dark clays with 

 siliceous bands and jasperoid red claystones, with manganese in 

 places, and belts of serpentine, may possibly represent deep sea 

 deposits and associated eruptive rocks, and the siliceous bands 

 might, with advantage perhaps, be searched for radiolaria. 



(3) The burying of sediment under 19 miles of rock material 

 was not sufficient in the case of the Takaka system to bring about 

 a liquefaction of the lower layers. This proves a considerable 

 thickness for the solid crust, if it be assumed that the isogeotherms 

 recovered their normal position before elevation ensued. 



