50 BEPOBT OF THE STATE BOTANIST. 



nerved, contracted into a short bifid or notched beak, longer than 

 the ovate acute or pointed scale, horizontally spreading at 

 maturity. 



Swamps. Eare. June, July. Genesee, Wayne, Yates and 

 Herkimer counties. 



Var. substaminata Peck. (C. monosperma Macoun). This has 

 a single perigynium at the base of the staminate spike. 



Plant monoecious. 



Staminate spikes 1-3, stalked, often with a few fertile flowers 

 at the base or apex; pistillate spikes 1-5, stalked or sessile, 

 cylindrical, densely flowered or sometimes loosely flowered 

 toward the base, often staminate at the apex ; bracts leaf-like or 

 liliform, the lowest usually equaling or surpassing the culm, 

 sheathless ; perigynia compressed, ovate or obovate (turgid in 

 47 and 48) ; scales dark purple or brown (sometimes greenish 

 in 47 and 4s), giving a mottled appearance to the spikes, mostly 

 shorter than the perigynia. 



Pistillate spikes erect or spreading (the lower ones 



recurved or drooping in 46), scales awnless 1 



Pistillate spikes nodding, scales rough-awned 6 



1 Perigj'nia stalked, their scales blackish-purple or brown, 2 



1 Perigynia sessile, their scales brown or purple-margined, 5 



2 Perigynia nerved or nerveless, their sca'ea blackish- 

 purple rigida. 



2 Perigynia nerveless, their scales brown 3 



3 Perigj'nia obovate, spikes 2' wide aquatilis. 



3 Perigynia ovate or elliptical, sj)ikes less than 2" wide . . 4 



4 Scales sharp pointed, squarrose aperta. 



4 Scales obtuse, perigynia tortuous at the apex torta. 



5 Perigynia nerveless " stricta. 



5 Perigynia slightly nerved lenticularis. 



6 Perigynia obovate crinita. 



6 Perigynia ovate or oblong-ovate gynandra. 



41. Carex rigida Good., van Bigelovii Tuckm. 



Stems 10-15' high, erect, smooth, sometimes stoloniferous ; 

 leaves shorter than, or as long as, the culm, smooth, usually 1' 

 wide, erect, or the lower ones recurved-spreading, smooth; 



