THE SOUTHEEN FULMAR. 85 



Material in the ' Discovery's ' Collection. 



No. 128, ad. sk. <J . Nov. 16, 1901. Pack ice, Gl'' 4G' S., 140° 12' E. 



The colour of the soft parts of this bird is as follows : — • 



Bill, rosy pink, blackish at tlie tip on both mandible and maxilla. The nasal tubes and 



base of the mandible grey with a lilac tinge shading into rosy pink on the side 



plates. 

 Iris, rich brown. 

 Legs and toes and web all flesh grey with a strong pink tinge. Each knuckle on the 



outer digit of each foot marked blackish, as also to a slighter extent is each knuckle 



of the middle toe. A narrow blackish edging runs along the outer edge of each foot. 

 Claws, blackish. 



Material in the ' Morning's ' Collection. 



No. 3, ad. sk. i . Nov. 25, 1902. G7° S., 174° E. 

 The range of the Southern Fulmar in the Southern Hemisphere, as given by Mr. 

 Howard Saunders, is very wide. It has been reported from the Cape, from the 

 Pacific Coast of America, and as far North as Washington territory. Kerguelen Island 

 is supposed to be a breeding place. It is abundant throughout the Southern Oceans, 

 and has been obtained from Louis Philippe Land, Ross Sea, South Victoria Land, Ross' 

 Barrier and the Weddell Sea ; also from the region westward along Adelie Land. 

 Probably there is no quarter of the Antai'ctic in which it may not be found. The 

 Scottish expedition reports it from the South Orkneys about the middle of February, 

 and apparently in some numbers, just as we saw it in numbers oft' the Balleny Islands at 

 the end of the same month. Nothing appears to be known of its 1 jreeding habits ; the 

 Scottish expedition were unable to find it nesting, though they strongly suspected that 

 it bred on the north side of Laurie Island ; nor were we in the ' Discovery ' any more 

 successful. I can only suggest the Balleny Islands as a possible nesting place, but 

 if the bird breeds upon Kerguelen Islands it is much more likely that the more 

 northern sub-Antarctic islands will prove eventually to harbour them. It must be 

 considered a migratory bird, since it visits the southern waters of the ice pack during 

 the summer months (December, January and February) and retires northward to the 

 open ocean for the winter. Here we met it in abundance during June and July. We 

 saw a very great deal more of this handsome bird in what may be called the sub- 

 Antarctic region than in the true Antarctic. The first example was met with in 

 59° 18' S. and 138° 2' E., the day before encountering the pack ice on November 15th, 

 1901. They were rather more plentiful in the pack, and followed us for a couple of 

 days after leaving it as we steamed north toward the Macquarie Islands, as far as 

 57° 25' S. in 151° 45' E. After this we saw no more till we once again entered 

 the ice on the 2nd of January, 1902. A pair of birds met us with the first iceberg in 

 S. lat. 67° 20' E. long. 179°. The following days in the pack we saw three more, and 

 then from January 6th in 1902 till February 27th in 1904, for two whole years, we 

 never saw the bird. It keeps to the opeu ocean, and avoids the coast of South Victoria 

 Laud. In McMurdo Sound it never visited us, neither indeed did we see more than a 



