94 



EAST COAST MARINE SHELLS 



PI. 35, Fig. 12 



Labrador to Cape Cod, Massachusetts 



Family Xenophorldae 



Shell trochiform; periphery carl- 

 nated; surface dull, soldering broken dead 

 shells, stones and foreign objects to its 

 upper surface; aperture very oblique, outer 

 lip thin; operculum horny. 



These mollusks frequent rough bot- 

 toms and scramble over the ground like 

 Strombus instead of gliding evenly. 



GENUS XENOPHORA Fischer der Waldheim 1807 

 (CARRIER SHELLS) 



ZENOPHORA CONCHYLIOPHORA Born. Upper por- 

 tion of shell well covered with large bits 

 of various shells and stones; face concave, 

 strong curved growth lines and low narrow 

 ridges; no umbilicus but a mere chink in 

 young specimens; base brown in color. Di- 

 ameter 8 inches, often larger. 



This remarkable shell is well 

 camouflaged with its attachments. It car- 

 ries a heavier load than the species from 

 deeper water. Often living coral is found 

 upon its back. Depth range 0-250 fathoms. 



It nas been collected living in 

 Lake Worth, Florida, during the summer 

 months . 



PI. 36, Fig. 1 



North Carolina to Florida; West 



Indies 



XENOPHORA CARIBAEA Petit. In this species 

 there are few if any attachments. The um- 

 bilical perforation is often a mere chink 

 or absent in some individuals. It has 

 been taken in 14 fathoms. 



PI. 59, Fig. 4 



Florida Keys and West Indies 



XENOPHORA LONGLEYI Bartsch. A remarkable 

 shell which has only been obtained in deep 

 water. Depth range 98-125 fathoms. Breadth 

 about 4 inches. 



PI. 59, Fig. 3 



Off Loggerhead Key, Tortugas, 



Florida 



Family Capulidae 



GENUS CAPULUS Montfort 1810 

 (LITTLE CAP) 



Shell conical; apex forward, spi- 



rally curved; aperture somewhat circular; 

 muscle impression horseshoe-shaped. 



CAPULUS UNGARICUS Linne (C. hungaricus of 

 authors). Shell cornucopia-shaped with 

 curved apex; white or dull brown under a 

 thin epidermis; finely ribbed, the ribs 

 less conspicuous or absent near the margin; 

 interior pink or white. Length 27 mm. 



It ranges, from shallow water to 85 

 fathoms, attached to rocks and shells, par- 

 ticularly oysters and scallops. In cer- 

 tain tertiary fossil beds it is very abun- 

 dant. Radula PI. 68, Fig. 8. 



PI. 36, Fig. 15 



Greenland to Florida 



CAPULUS INTORTUS Lamarck. Shell white, 

 epidermis light brown, thin, very obliquely 

 spiral; surface faintly decussated by the 

 sculpture. Length 17 mm. 



PI. 36, Fig. 4 



Florida Keys and West Indies 



Family Hipponlcidae 



Shell thick, non-spiral; apex for- 

 ward and pointed backwards; surface varia- 

 ble; muscular impression horseshoe-shaped. 



GENUS HIPPONIX De France 1819, 

 Amalthea Schumacher 1817 not Montfort 1810 



HIPPONIX ANTIQUATA Linn6. Shell white, 

 apex forward; roughly and closely laminated, 

 epidermis with short hairs. Length 19 mm. 



PI. 36, Fig. 3 



Florida Keys and West Indies 



Family Calyptraeldae 



Shell limpet-like, with usually a 

 discernible spiral apex; interior simple or 

 partitioned by a shelly process to which are 

 attached the adductor muscles. These "bon- 

 net limpets" cling to stones or other shells 

 and apparently remain fixed for life. 



GENUS CHEILEA Modeer 1793, 

 Mitrularia Schum. 1817 



Shell conical, often irregular; 

 apex somewhat posterior and directed back- 

 wards; muscular impression horseshoe-shaped. 



CHEILEA EQUESTRIS Linn6. Almost orbicular 

 or irregular, solid or thin, exterior close- 

 ly rayed with ridges or striations, edge 



