108 



EAST COAST MARINE SHELLS 



remarkably expanded lip. The sutures are 

 well impressed, whorls numerous, ribs fre- 

 quent. 



In perfect specimens the fine raised 

 spiral lines are perfectly distinct but 

 often less so upon the spire. 



The typical form lives in the deep- 

 er waters of the Gulf of Maine and Gulf of 

 St. Lawrence. It varies in size from bO- 

 70 mm. and has been dredged in from 20-88 

 fathoms. 



PI. 39, Fig. 8 



Northeast coast 



APORRHAIS OCCIDENTALIS LABRADORENSIS John- 

 son. Labrador Pelican's Foot. Much small- 

 er than the typical form, spire more slen- 

 der, lines more numerous and lip less ex- 

 panded. Length of holotype 52 mm., taken 

 by Owen Bryant in 7 fathoms. 



PI. 41, Fig. 4 



Egg Harbor, Labrador 



APORRHAIS OCCIDENTALIS MAINENSIS Johnson. 

 Maine Pelican's Foot. Separated on account 

 of its more slender spire and fewer longi- 

 tudinal costae, about eighteen on body 

 whorl and fourteen on the previous whorl. 



The original lot described was 

 dredged by Dr. C. W. Townsend off Northeast 

 Harbor, Maine, in 5-6 fathoms. Growth 

 stages are shown in PI. 39, Fig. 6 and rep- 

 resent specimens secured by William Procter 

 of Bar Harbor. 



PI. 39, Figs. 5, 6 



Maine; Nova Scotia 



Family Strombldae 



Shell with an expanded lip, deeply 

 notched near the canal. Operculum, in the 

 typical forms, claw-shaped, serrated on the 

 outer edge, strengthened by a mid-rib. 



Animal with large, well-developed 

 eyes, placed on thick pedicels, tentacles 

 small, rising from the middle of eye-pedi- 

 cels; foot narrow, not adapted to creeping. 

 Radula teeth single, three uncinal on each 

 side. 



Shells cut to show the interior 

 sections exhibit remarkable elevated and 

 complex plaits at the posterior end of aper- 

 ture, especially in young examples with a 

 narrow aperture. These are caused by a 

 posterior expansion of the animal's mantle. 



Strombus is a very active and pred- 

 atory animal. It progresses by a series of 



jumps, turning the shell from side to side. 

 When placed upon its back it can right it- 

 self by a somersault. It is usually plent- 

 iful in shallow water and the habitat range 

 of the individual species is quite exten- 

 sive. 



GENUS STROMBUS Linn6 1758 (STROMBS) 



STROMBUS BITUBERCULATUS Lamarck. Double- 

 knobbed Stromb. Two large tubercles, upon 

 the back of the shell, distinguish this 

 species; shell gray, banded with chestnut, 

 aperture yellowish-white and rose color; 

 both edges of operculum entire and smooth. 

 Length 3 inches. 



Often this species is associated 

 with S. pugilis, living in shallow inland 

 waters connected with the sea but not far 

 from it. 



PI. 39, Fig. 1 



Jupiter Inlet, Florida to West 



Indies 



STROMBUS COSTATUS Gmelin. Ribbed Stromb. 

 A large white or yellowish, short, thick 

 shell with a single large tubercle upon the 

 back of the final whorl and a smaller one 

 between it and the margin; aperture whitish, 

 lip and columella touched with orange-brown. 

 Length 4.5 inches. 



PI. 59, Figs. 1, 2 



Florida and West Indies 



STROMBUS GIGAS Linne. Giant Stromb. Shell 

 strong, spire small, spines large and long; 

 epidermis yellowish brown, shell buff under- 

 neath; interior polished rose color. Length 

 8-12 inches. 



The fountain shell is one of the 

 largest living gastropods, often weighing 

 five pounds. The earlier whorls, including 

 apex and spines, are, in old individuals, 

 filled with solid material. From the Baha- 

 mas great numbers of this species are ex- 

 ported to Great Britain for manufacture into 

 cameos and porcelain. 



In the Florida Indian shell mounds 

 various implements, including chisels, made 

 from this shell have been found. 



It may be sought for in about ten 

 feet of water with a bottom of sand. 



PI. 39, Fig. 2 



Lake Worth, Florida to West Indies 



STROMBUS PUGILIS Linne. Fighting Stromb. 

 Shell deep orange-brown or purple with a 



