MANUAL OF CONCHOLOGY 



Subfamily Orculin^;. 



Genus ORCULA Held. 



Orcula Held, Isis, 1837, p. 919.— Gray, P. Z. S., 1817, p. 

 176, and Herrmannsen, Indicis, ii, p. 158, type P. dolium. 



Spkyradium "Agassiz", Charpentier, Cat. Moll. Suisse, in 

 Nouv. Mem. Soc. Helvet. Sci. Nat., i, 1837, p. 15. — Martens, 

 Die Heliceen, 1860, p. 295, type Pupa doliolum. 



Pupula "Leach" Moerch, Catal. Yoldi, 1852, p. 34. Pupa 

 dolium here selected as type. Not of Charpentier, 1837. 



Scyphus "Monterosato", Caziot and Margier, Bull. Soc. 

 Zool. France, 1909, p. 141. Orcula doliolum here selected as 

 type. 



Pilorcula Germain, Bull. Mus. Nat, d'Hist. Nat., 1912, p. 

 448, for Pupa raymoncli; Voy. Kerville: Moll. terr. et nuv. 

 Syrie, 1921, p. 328. 



The shell is eylindric or cylindric-conic, riniate and some- 

 times perforate, compact, the first whorl smooth, second 

 generally microscopically striate spirally; following whorls 

 slowing increasing, striate or with epidermal riblets. Peri- 

 stome varying from barely expanded to reflected, generally 

 thickened within. The parietal lamella enters deeply; an- 

 gular lamella small and tubercular or wanting. Columellar 

 and supra-columcllar lamelkc developed, at least inside, and 

 either emerging to the peristome or immersed ; sometimes 

 other short lamella? on the columella, and in some species 

 there is a lower-palatal fold, visible in the aperture or deeply 

 immersed, subventral. The parietal and columellar lamella? 

 arise at the beginning of the neanic stage and are absorbed 

 behind as growth proceeds, finally remaining in the last one 

 or tAvo whorls only. 



Type: 0. dolium (Brug.). Distribution: France to Trans- 

 caucasia and northern Persia; Tunis and Abyssinia. Fossil 

 in Eocene of Europe to the Pliocene of Algeria and Italy. 



