8 ORCULA. 



Orcula dolium Drap., Kobelt, Rossm. Iconographie n. F., 

 viii, p. 76, pi. 262, f. 1499-1501 (references and varieties). 



A somewhat strong shell, without epidermal threads, and 

 having the lamellae only moderately enlarged within. In the 

 eastern Alps and beyond, it has numerous varieties. Many 

 mutations, local forms and races have been named, but as yet 

 not systematized. Mutations with the characters assigned to 

 major, minor, quadriplicata, and the like, doubtless arose 

 independently many times. 



Terver found albino specimens near Lyons. He included 

 them with colored ones in a lot sent to us, and probably they 

 occurred in mixed colonies. However, Locard states that 

 "cette jolie variete constituait une veritable colonie aux en- 

 virons de Lyon au Vernay," which he says appears to have 

 disappeared now (1880), or at least it has not been redis- 

 covered. There is a beautiful albino from Styria in the B. 

 "Walker collection. Moquin-Tandon, 1855, has named a var. 

 minor, shell smaller. 



The following are described as "variations" in A. Locard 's 

 Etudes sur les Variations Malacologiques du Bassin du 

 Rhone, i, 1880, pp. 256, 265. Major: shell 7-8 mm. long, of 

 regular, cylindric shape, elongate and not ovoid, not very 

 ventricose, with one or two columellar lamellae. Rare, en- 

 virons of Lyons. Globulosa: shell 6-7 mm. long, but perfectly 

 ovoid, globulose, ventricose, with two columellar lamellae. 

 Not very common. Isere, Savoy. Quadriplicata: shell as in 

 the type, but with 3 columellar lamellae, (the two first quite 

 strong, the third rudimentary but readily visible. Environs 

 of Lyons. 



In the Kotlina valley and other places in the "Hohen 

 Tatra," northern Carpathians, Hazay found three forms: 



(1) long and slender, 8 mm. long, 2% broad, forma gracilis; 



(2) low, broad, 5 to 6 mm. long, 2y 2 wide, forma tumida; 



(3) a form intermediate in shape, 8x4 mm., to be regarded 

 as typical {Hazay, Jahrb. D. M. Ges., xii, 1885, p. 31). These 

 forms need comparison with those denned from the Tatra by 

 Clessin and Brancsik in 1887. 



