ORCULA. 37 



suture ; the remaining whorls slowly increasing, nearly equal, 

 flattened, glossy, obliquely striate, joined by a whitish, little- 

 impressed suture; the last whorl two-fifths the total length; 

 not tapering, ascending a. little to the aperture. Aperture 

 semicircular, rounded basally, the peristome expanded, 

 strongly white-lipped within, the margins distant and joined 

 by a strong callus tubereulate at the insertions ; right margin 

 thickened in the middle, columellar margin broadly spread- 

 ing. Parietal wall bearing a strong whitish and deeply en- 

 tering lamella which does not reach to the callus. Columella 

 having two deep, diverging folds. Length 10 to 10.5, diam. 

 4.5 mm.; aperture 3 mm. long and wide (Bernhardt). 



Syria: Aleppo (Haleb). 



Pupa moussoni Reinhardt, Sitzungsber. Ges. naturforsch. 

 Freunde, Berlin, 1880, p. 44. 



Distinguished from orientalist, by the somewhat smaller 

 size, cylindric shell with bluntly conic summit, by the semi- 

 circular aperture with broad lip, and by the strong, tuber - 

 cularly thickened parietal callus. Another character pecu- 

 liar to this species, lacking in all other species of Orcula 

 except 0. scyph us, is the internal ridge-like thickening in the 

 last whorl, about 2 mm. long, running parallel to the suture, 

 and visible externally as a white line above the umbilical 

 crevice to the left of the columellar margin (Reinhardt) . 



Series of 0. rajjmondi (Pilorcula Germain). 



Rimate and minutely perforate Orculas, in which the pari- 

 etal and columellar lamellse are enormously widened within 

 the last whorl j in fresh specimens there is a series of spines 

 or points on the epidermal riblets at the upper third of each 

 whorl, or present only on the upper whorls (only weakly de- 

 veloped or wanting in most apparently fresh adult speci- 

 mens). Northern Syria, Asia Minor to Russian Armenia and 

 Transcaucasia. 



The typical 0. raymondi is known by the original account 

 only. The Caucasian forms show considerable variation in 

 size and the development of columellar lamellae. As in other 

 Orculas, only the columellar and supracolumellar enter 



