PAGODULINA. 173 



P. subdola differs from. P. pagodula by the presence of a 

 distinctly developed lower-palatal fold situated ventrally 

 within the cavity of the last whorl. 



Gredler doubted whether the typical form of pagodula 

 occurred in the region of this form in the Tyrol, and Hesse 

 believes it to be lacking in the Alleghe district also. 



The form mentioned by de Betta as Pupa pagodula var. 

 adaucta Pirona in litt., was defined only by the words "whorls 

 9" and the locality, "Friuli: valle del Cornappo, with Pupa 

 rossmaesleri Schm." It may be identical with P. subdola as 

 Hesse suggested ; the number of w r horls agrees with that 

 species; but without reference to types or topotypes it can 

 hardly be identified. 



The following appear to be forms or local subspecies of P. 

 subdola. Their exact status remains to be fixed. 



2a. Pagodulina subdola form tschapecki (Gredler). 



"This goes into the small group of Pupa pagodula, and 

 more especially in that of the larger and cylindric variety 

 subdola. However, whilst this variety is more finely sculp- 

 tured than the typical pagodula, P. tschapecki appears to 

 have somewhat more widely spaced, though not stronger, rib- 

 lets than the typical form itself. Eleven examples lie before 

 me, so that an individual aberration is definitely excluded 

 from consideration. Notwithstanding their size, all give the 

 impression that the peristome (but this alone) is not fully 

 developed" (Gredler). 



Gredler further gives the following as specific characters 

 separating it from pagodula: 



"1. Pupa tschapecki is larger (2 lines) than even var. sub- 

 dola, and has a whorl more (10) than this; but it is not 

 broader. 



"2. The umbilicus is widely open (as far nearly as the 

 third whorl from the last), round, and bordered by a rather 

 pronounced angle of the basal whorl. In pagodula it is wholly 

 closed by a sudden turning of the last whorl, even before the 

 latter is fully formed. 



' ' 3. The aperture is almost pointed at the base, is not quad- 

 rangular as a whole, is smaller, less oblique, the peristome 



