APPENDIX II. 



PALAEOZOIC PUPILLIM2(?). 



Certain fossils of Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian to Permian) 

 age have been referred to the Pupillidae. At present their 

 affinities must be considered doubtful, pending the discovery 

 of Mesozoic forms connecting them with Pupillidae or other 

 families. They are of great interest as evidence that a highly 

 diversified Pulmonate fauna existed at that time ; but whether 

 their affinities are with Auriculidas or with such Orthurethrous 

 families as Pupillidae, Tornatellinidae, and others, or with 

 several of these, remains to be worked out. With them occur 

 snails resembling Endodontidae and Helicinidae. 



ANTHKACOPUPA Whitfield. 



Anthracopupa Whitf., Amer. Journ. Sci., XXI, Feb. 1881, 

 p. 126 ; Ann. New York Acad. Sci., V, 1891, p. 607. Mono- 

 type A. ohioensis. 



The shell is ovate, ventricose, minute (the type about 3.3 

 mm. long), finely striate axially, of few, convex whorls (about 

 4 in the type) ; aperture vertical, the peristome thickened and 

 reflected, with a small but deep rounded sinulus above, inser- 

 tions remote; a median parietal and a columellar lamella de- 

 veloped. A. ohioensis Whitf., pi. 32, figs. 11, 12, 13. 



While the shape, the small size and the transverse parietal 

 margin of the aperture are Pupillid characters, yet the possi- 

 bility that Anthracopupa belongs to the Auriculid series is 

 strongly suggested by the resemblance of the aperture and 

 peristome to those of some Carychiidae. 



Anthracopupa ohioensis Whitfield, Amer. Journ. Sci., 

 XXI, 1881, p. 126, f. 1-4; Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., V, p. 607, 

 pi. 16, f . 15-17. Pennsylvanian : near Marietta, Ohio. 



