What insects are, and how they are classified 



Examples of exopterygote insects are grasshoppers (Fig. 14), dragon- 

 flies (Fig. 5) and the true bugs (Figs. 11-13, 20). 



Division II: Endopterygota {or Holometabola) 



These insects hatch from the egg into a form quite different in ap- 

 pearance from the adult, which it may not even remotely resemble. Com- 

 pare a caterpillar with a moth (Fig. 15), or a maggot with a fly. This 

 immature form is called a larva, and it lives a life of its own, often in 

 surroundings totally different from those in which the adult is to be 

 found. 



After moulting several times the larva enters into a resting-stage 

 called a pupa, which is inactive, and most often is quite motionless. It 

 is often protected by being enclosed in a cocoon or a puparium. During 

 this interval the body of the larva is completely remodelled into that 

 of the adult. When the process is complete the adult breaks out of the 

 pupal skin. The newly emerged adult insect is quite soft and crumpled, 

 having been tightly packed into the pupal skin. For a time it is helpless. 



Fig. 4. A may-fly, 

 Order Ephemeroptera 



