504 Deutsche Südpolar-Expedition. 



like the ciistings of Owls? The transverse diameter of tlie ]) y 1 o r ii s was half an ineh, its vertical diameter not niore tliaii 

 2 lines; the diameter of the cardiac aperture was 1 inch and a half/' 



„The duodenum descends abruptly from the pylorus, and is connected by a continuation of perito- 

 n c II ni with the pyloric end of the stomach. It is contracted at its origin, but soon dilates, and a sacculus is fonned 

 betwecn its muscular and nuicous coats for the reception of the biliary and pancreatie secretions, which afterwards are con- 

 ducted through a narrow passage into the intestine. Having descended as far as the right kindney, the d u o d e n u m turns 

 to the left in the usual manner, but has a complete Investment of p e r i t o n e u m through its whole course : at the left 

 side of the a b d o m e n it carries forward this ])rocess' of Peritoneum, which forms the mesentery in the usual manner. 

 The small intestines do not exceed 1 inch and a half in circumference, but their deficiency in this article of their dimen- 

 sions is compensated for hy tiieir great length. The large intestines commenee by a short round caecum , which in both 

 instances was situated close to the p\'loric end of the stomach: the greatest circumference of the colon was 4 inches." 

 ,,The interior of the stomach was smooth and without r u g a e ; the intestines had the same character.'- 

 ..The liver consisted of five lobes, which were remarkably elongated. somewhat triedral, and pointed at the extremity. 

 The gall-bladder, 2 inches and a half long, was lodged in the third lobe, counting from the right; the suspensory ligament 

 entered another division of this lobe. The gall-bladder received two small ducts directly from the liver. or hepato-cystic 

 duets. The cystic duct was joined by a small hepatic duct about half an inch from the gall-bladder; and a little lower 

 down was joined by a larger hepatic duct, which was formed by the junction of two other ducts, each of which was also 

 fonned by the union of two ducts, Coming distinctly from the four smaller lobes of the liver. The d u c t u s c o m m u n i s 

 was 1 inch and a half long, it was joined by the pancreatie duct, as it terminated in the dilated s a c c u 1 u s before nien- 

 tioned.'' 



„The p a n c r e a s was composed of a large and a small portion of the usual structure and in the usual Situation. The 

 spieen, a flattened body with an irregulär notched margin, measured 5 inches and a half in length. It was attached to the 

 e p i p 1 n in such a manner that it could be drawn away forsome distance f rom the stomach, and in the intervening membrane 

 were situated a number of small dark glandulär bndies from the size of a horse-bean to that of a pea, which, if they had been 

 met with in a P o r p o i s e , I should have considered as accessory spleens. This circumstance was noted in the dissection 

 of the first Seal, but was not attended to in the second." 



„The following admeasurements are from the larger of the two animals: 



ft. in. lines 



From the snout to the end of the hind-flip])er 3 



From the snout to the end of the tail 2 7 6 



Length of the stomach 1 5 



Circumference of widest jiart, when distended 1 2 



Length of intestinal canal 42 10 



Length of caecum 10 



Length of large intestines 2 0. 



Carus (1834) bildet nach Daubenton den Magen eines Seehundes ab und hebt hervor, daß 



„der Magen der Amphibiensäugethiere" eine besondere Bemerkung verdient, und zwar 



weil er dem Magen der Fische besonders dadurch ähnlich wird, 



„daß ihm die blinde Erweiterung der linken Hälfte fehlt, und die Speiseröhre sich gerade an linken Ende des Magens 

 selbst einsenkt". 



Vom Darmkanal der PinnipecUa erwähnt er nur, daß derselbe beim Seehunde 



..von außerordentlicher Länge „(11-28 mal so lang als der Kdriicr) gefunden wird, und daß Leim W a 1 r o ß ..der Dick- 

 und Blinddarm (wie in vielen Fischen) wenig entwickelt" ist. 



CuviERS Legons d'Anatomie comparee (1838) entnehmen wir folgendes: 



„Les carnassiers amphibies, qui vivent de poissons, ont, comme les carnivores les plus carnassiers, 

 la form d'estomac que nous avons decrite pour type de cctte division." 



„Celui des p h o q u e s n'a qu'un seul cul-de-sac, et se rapproche en cela de celui de la plupart des ]ioissons. II est allongc 

 d'avant en arriere, et se recourbe ensuite eu avant au pylore. La portion recourbee est tres-courte en comparaison de 

 Fantre. Le coudc qu'elles fönt en arriere forme le cul-de-sac commun ä toutes deux. La membrane interne est epaisse et 

 glanduleuse; la cnuche celluleuse qui l'unit ä la musculeuse est blanchätre et consistante. f'elle-ci est epaisse dans les environs 

 du cardia et du cul-de-sac, et dans la seconde portion de l'estonuic. La membrane interne est moins epaisse qu'ailleurs; 

 dans le cul-de-sac, il y a entre eile et la membrane musculeuse une couche de cryptes. L'estomac du morse ressemble 



