Introduction 35 



Suborder Ixodides (Chapter IV) : Acarina with a pair of stigmata 

 posterior or lateral to the coxae associated with a stigmal plate 

 rather than an elongated peritreme. Haller's organ present. Hypo- 

 stome modified as a piercing organ and provided with recurved 

 teeth. 



Suborder Tromihidiformes (Chapters V and VI) : Acarina with a pair 

 of stigmata on or near the gnathosoma or absent. Palpi usually free 

 and highly developed. Chelicerae usually modified for piercing. 

 Anal suckers never present. 



Suborder Sarcoptiformes (Chapters VII and VIII) : Acarina without 

 stigmata or with a system of tracheae opening through stigmata and 

 porose areas on various parts of the body. Coxae forming apodemes 

 beneath skin on venter of body. Mouth parts usually for chewing, 

 with strong chelae; a few parasitic forms with specialized cheli- 

 cerae. Palpi simple. With or without pseudostigmata and pseudo- 

 stigmatic organs. Anal suckers often present. 



References: 



Banks, N. 1915. The Acarina or mites. U.S. Dept. Agric. Rpt. 108:1-153. 

 Berlese, A. 1882-1903. Acari, Myriopoda, et Scorpiones hucusque in 



Italia reperta. Fasc. 1-101. Padua. 

 Ewing, H. E. 1929. A manual of external parasites. 1-225 + xiv. Balti- 

 more. 

 Oudemans, A. C. 1926-1937. Kritisch Historisch Overzicht der Acarologie. 



(Volumes 1 and 2 supplements to Volumes 69 and 72 of Tijdschr. 



Ent. Leiden. Volume 3 published in six parts, independently.) 



1926. 850 V.C.-1758. 1:1-500 + vii. 



1929. 1759-1804. 2:1-1097 + xvii. 



1936-37. 1805-1850. 3:1-3379 + ci. 

 Petrunkevitch, A. 1949. A study of Palaeozoic Arachnida. Trans. Conn. 



Acad. Art. Sci. 37:69-315. 

 Radford, C. D. 1950. Systematic check list of mite genera and type species. 



Union Internat. des Sci. Biol., ser. C (sec. Ent.) 1 : 1-252. 

 Reuter, E. 1909. Zur Morphologic und Ontogonie der Acariden. Acta Soc. 



Sci. Fenn. 36, No. 4:1-288. 

 Snodgrass, R. E. 1948. The feeding organs of Arachnida including mites 



and ticks. Smithsonian Misc. Coll. 110, No. 10:1-93. 

 Vitzthum, H. G. 1929. Acari. Die Tierwelt Mitteleuropas 3, No. 7:1-112. 



. 1931. Acari. Kiikenthals Handbuch der Zoologie. 3, 2 half: 1-160. 



. 1940-1942. Acarina. Bronns' Klassen und Ordungen des Tierreiches. 



5, Sect. 4, Book 5:1-1011 + xi. 



