FUNDAMENTAL RELATIONS OF ANIMALS 135 



to one another exhibit thought and go far to prove the existence in 

 all living beings of an immaterial, imperishable principle, similar 

 to that which is generally conceded to man only. 



18th. The limitation of the range of changes which animals un- 

 dergo during their growth exhibits thought; it shows most strikingly 

 the independence of these changes of external influences and the 

 necessity that they should be determined by a power superior to 

 these influences. 



19th. The unequal limitation in the average duration of the life 

 of individuals in different species of animals exhibits thought; for, 

 however uniform or however diversified the conditions of existence 

 may be under which animals live together, the average duration of 

 life in different species is unequally limited. It points therefore at a 

 knowledge of time and space and of the value of time, since the 

 phases of life of different animals are apportioned according to the 

 part they have to perform upon the stage of the world. 



20th. The return to a definite norm of animals which multiply in 

 various ways exhibits thought. It shows how wide a cycle of modula- 

 tions may be included in the same conception, without yet departing 

 from a norm expressed more directly in other combinations. 



21st. The order of succession of the different types of animals and 

 plants characteristic of the different geological epochs exhibits 

 thought. It shows that while the material world is identical in itself 

 in all ages ever different types of organized beings are called into ex- 

 istence in successive periods. 



22d, The localization of some types of animals upon the same 

 points of the surface of the globe, during several successive geological 

 periods, exhibits thought, consecutive thought; the operations of a 

 mind acting in conformity with a plan laid out beforehand and sus- 

 tained for a long period. 



23d. The limitation of closely allied species to different geological 

 periods exhibits thought; it exhibits the power of sustaining nice 

 distinctions, notwithstanding the interposition of great disturbances 

 by physical revolutions. 



24th. The parallelism between the order of succession of animals 

 and plants in geological times and the gradation among their living 

 representatives exhibit thought; consecutive thought, superintend- 



