PRINCIPAL SYSTEMS OF ZOOLOGY 245 



The writer who can see that the Quadrupeds unite with the Fishes 

 and the like and yet says that Cuvier "was totally unacquainted with 

 the very first principles of the natural system," hardly deserves to be 

 studied in our days. 



The attempt at representing graphically the complicated relations 

 which exist among animals has, however, had one good result; it has 

 checked, more and more, the confidence in the uniserial arrangement 

 of animals and led to the construction of many valuable maps ex- 

 hibiting the multifarious relations which natural groups of any rank 

 bear to one another. 



SECTION VI 

 EMBRYOLOGICAL SYSTEMS 



Embryology, in the form it has assumed within the last fifty years, 

 is as completely a German science as the "Naturphilosophie." It 

 awoke to this new activity contemporaneously with the development 

 of the Philosophy of Nature. It would hardly be possible to recognize 

 the leading spirit in this new development, from his published works; 

 but the man whom Pander and K. E. von Baer acknowledge as their 

 master must be considered as the soul of this movement, and this man 

 is Ignatius Dollinger.^^ It is with deep gratitude I remember for my 

 own part the influence that learned and benevolent man had upon 

 my studies and early scientific application during the four years I 

 spent in his house in Munich, from 1827 to 1831; to him I am in- 

 debted for an acquaintance with what was then known of the devel- 

 opment of animals prior to the publication of the great work of 

 von Baer; and from his lectures I first learned to appreciate the im- 

 portance of Embryology to Physiology and Zoology. The investiga- 

 tions of Pander^- upon the development of the chicken in the egg, 

 which have opened the series of those truly original researches in 

 Embryology of which Germany may justly be proud, were made un- 

 der the direction and with the cooperation of DoUinger, and were 

 soon followed by the more extensive works of Rathke and von Baer, 



51 [1770-1841.] 



5^ Heinrich C. von Pander, Beitrdge zur Entwickelungsgeschichte des Hiihnchens im 

 Eie (Wiirzburg, 1817). 



