INDEX 



265 



compared with Cuvier, 213, 219; com- 

 pared with Aristotle, 219; mentioned, 

 86, 214, 221 

 Latreille, Pierre Andr6: publication of, 



170n23; mentioned. 144, 170 

 Leidy, Joseph, publication of, 99nI29 

 Leuckart, Rudolf: publications of, 30n42, 

 87nll4, 198n2, 233; classification of, 

 198-199, 203, 233-234; mentioned, 205, 



226, 234, 235 



Leydig, Franz: publication of, 107nl40; 

 mentioned, 81, 107-108, 202 



Linnaeus, Carolus: on natural groups, 5, 

 208, 211; on man, 74n99; on primates, 

 74n99, 156; publications of, 74n99, 156, 

 156nll, 169, 210, 210n20, 211-212, 211n- 

 22; classification of, 144, 210-213; on 

 classes, 148; on orders, 156; on genera, 

 169, 217; on species, 179, 217; compared 

 to Cuvier, 217; mentioned, 253 



Lund, Peter V., publication of, 99nl27 



MacLeay, William Sharpe: classification of, 

 241-245; publication of, 242n49 



Mammalia: organs of, 18; geographical dis- 

 tribution of, 35, 39, 120; arctic forms 

 of, 42; analogy in, 46-47, 189-190, 192; 

 connected series in, 53; size of, 54, 56, 

 57; embryology of, 77-78, 84, 88, 90; 

 mentioned, 20, 32, 207, 211-212, 216, 219, 



227, 244, 253, 257. See also Vertebrata 

 Man: understanding of Deity, 9n7a, 20-21, 



75-76, 131-132; relation to other ani- 

 mals, 21, 75n99, 120; end product of 

 animal development, 28, 108-109, and 

 domestication of animals, 55n72, 63; 

 races of, 63, 64, 171-172; origin of, 64, 

 172-174; instincts of, 68-69; classifica- 

 tion of, 75n99, 223, 224; embryology of, 

 77, 185; anatomy of, 98; in Oken's clas- 

 sification, 237-239. See also Species; Ver- 

 tebrata 



Marsupialia, 46-47, 180 



Massive type, 249 



Materialism, refutation of in natural his- 

 tory, 10-11, 12, 64-65, 71-72n98 



Meckel, Johann F., publication of, 30n42 



Milne-Edwards, Henri: publications of, 

 107nl39, 231; classification of, 231-232; 

 mentioned, 204, 230 



Mitchell, T. L., publication of, lOOnlSO 



Mollusks: homology in, 21-23, 153-154; 

 classification of, 31, 32, 204-205; geo- 

 graphical distribution of, 34-35, 39-40, 

 41-43; size of, 55; embryology of, 80-81, 



201-202; classes of, 105, 205; parasites of, 



126; Oken on, 160; analogy in, 189, 194; 



Cuvier on, 204, 216; mentioned, 6, 19-20, 



26, 197, 219, 222, 225, 226, 229, 240, 244, 



249, 253, 255, 259n62 

 Monocotyledones, 109, 110, 168, 254 

 Morton, Samuel George, publication of, 



171n24 

 Midler, Johannes Peter: on echinoderms, 



79, 93, 112, 203; on ganoids, 164, 165 

 Murchison, Roderick I., publications of, 



26n33 

 Myeloneura, 140, 223, 225 

 Myzontes, 207 



Natural groups: exemplified by classifica- 

 tion of lobster, 6-7; Oken on, 140-141; 

 unequal character of, 157-159; individ- 

 uals primary form of, 175; defined, 182- 

 183, 195; Linnsus on, 208-211; Aristotle 

 on, 208-210; Cuvier on, 216-217; La- 

 marck on, 218-220; Ehrenberg on, 224- 

 225; MacLeay on, 242-245. See also 

 Animals; Branch; Class; Classification; 

 Family; Order; Plan of structure; Species 



Natural provinces: limitation of, 37-38; 

 and structural identity, 40-44; men- 

 tioned, 40n55, 134. See also Geographical 

 distribution; Species 



Naturphilosophie: assumptions of denied, 

 153-154; classifications based on, 159-160, 

 235-245; history of, 235-236; and embry- 

 olog)', 245; mentioned, 152n9, 152-153. 

 See also Oken 



Naumann, Johann Andreas, publication of, 

 68n95 



Nordmann, Alexander von, publication of, 

 86nll2 



North America: fossil forms of, 28, 99-100; 

 animals of compared ^vith Europe and 

 Asia, 41 



Oken, Lorenz: and unity of animals, 87; 

 publications of, 87nll4, 160nl8, 236; and 

 Naturphilosophie, 152n9; classification 

 of, 160-161, 237-238, 240; contributions 

 to zoology, 236, 238; mentioned, 140-141. 

 159-160 



Orbigny, Alcide d': publication of, lOln- 

 133; mentioned, 102 



Orders: classification of, 5, 142, 143, 148, 

 155-161, 176; characteristics and defini- 

 tion of, 7-8, 150, 151, 156-157, 161, 164, 

 179, 183; gradation of, 33; in geology 

 and zoology, 105-106; and families, 157, 



