LARVAL FORMS OF COLEOPTERA 



n, nasale (an anterior and median projection from frons, 

 formed either by a fusion of frons, clypeus and labrum, 

 or sometimes by frons and clypeus alone ; in this latter 

 case labrum is small and hidden below the nasal projec- 

 tion). 

 0, ocellus. 

 06, oesophagus. 

 of, occipital foramen, 

 or, orifice of the spiracle, 

 p, maxillary palpiger. 

 pag, paragula (a paired, usually elongate, sclerome on either 

 side of gula ; found in ostomid, clerid and some other 

 larvae), 

 pasc, parascutal area (= air, alar area). 

 pc, precardo (anterior part of bipartite cardo). 

 pg, pregula (an anterior part of the gular plate found in front 

 of a median gular suture ; present, for instance, in many 

 hydrophiloid and staphylinoid larvae), 

 pgl, paraglossa (paired lobe on either side of glossa (gl) ; not 

 to be confused with the maxillulae (pgn ; pi. 11, fig. E). 

 pgn, maxillula (= superlingua, a single or bidivided, lobe-shaped 

 mouthpart on either side of the hypopharyngeal region), 

 ph, pharynx, 

 plb, pedal lobe (a fleshy, bumplike, non-segmented rudiment of 



a leg). 

 pm, prementum (= Is plus Ipg, term used by K. L. Henriksen 

 for the area lying in front of mentum in coleopterous 

 larvae and consisting of the fused labial stipites with the 

 labial palpigera included but with the ligula and labial 

 palpi excluded), 

 po, pleurostomal margin (the lateral marginal thickening of 

 each epicranial half between the dorsal and ventral 

 mandibular articulations) . 

 pon, paronychial appendix (=pulvillus). 

 pos, postscutellum. 

 post, poststernellum. 

 pr, prostheca (=lm, lacinia mandibulae). 

 prt, prothorax. 

 psc, prescutum. 

 pst, presternum. 



pxs, proxistipes (a posterior portion of maxillary stipes). 

 r, retinaculum (a hard, pointed, and tooth shaped process 

 usualh' near or at the middle of the inner edge of the 

 mandible; never jointed). 

 re, I'etractor mandibulae. 



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