LARVAL FORMS OF COLEOPTERA 



s, seta. 



sc, scutum, 

 sea, subcardo (posterior part of bipartite eardo). 



scl, scutellum. 

 scler, selerome. 



sj, supplementary joint of antenna (= "tactile papilla" or 

 ' ' sensory appendix " ) . 



sm, submentum (an unpaired median area lying approximately 

 between the maxillarj^ cardines on the underside of the 

 head). 



sp, spiracle. 

 srp, stridulatory plate, 

 srt stridulatory teeth. 



st, maxillary stipes. 



stl, sternellum. 



su, the sucking portion of the last abdominal segment, 

 sty, stylus. 



t, tarsungulus (here regarded as a terminal joint of the leg 

 formed by fusion of the tarsus and the claw; modern 

 authors, however, maintain that in coleopterous larvae 

 with legs having five or less joints this clawlike terminal 

 structure which they call "pretarsus" or "dactylopo- 

 dite" is a simple joint, that there is no claw ("ungu- 

 lus"), and that tarsus is eliminated or united with tibia). 



ta, tentorial arm. 



tb, tentorial bridge (bridge within head between the posterior 

 ends of the hypostomata). 



tg, tergum. 



ti, tibia. 



tp, ventral tentorial pit. 



tr, trochanter. 



tu, the usually fingershaped, paired airtubes of a biforous 



spiracle, 

 u, uncus. 



ur, urogomphus (a process, usually paired, projecting from the 

 posterior end of tergum of the ninth abdominal segment ; 

 may be jointed and movable by muscles, or unjointed and 

 immovable; urogomphus is commonly known as '^cer- 

 cus" or "pseudocercus"). 



YC, ventral condyle of mandible. 



vf, fossa in anterior end of hypostoma for the ventral articula- 

 tion of the mandible. 



vl, A^ntro-lateral suture (or merely the "lateral suture" when 

 a distinction between this important suture and the 

 rather insignificant dorso-lateral suture is not necessary; 

 85 



