upon suitability and choice of nomenclature. At present, the possibility 

 and desirability of trinomina versus binomina for insects compared with 

 birds necessitate different usages. It appears that the use of trinomina 

 is more definitely established for birds than for insects. 



There is considerable variation in the use made of the sub-genus. 

 Usage or non-usage of this taxon is based for the most part upon the 

 treatment accorded the particular animal group in the references in- 

 volved. 



Throughout the literature, use or non-use of parentheses to inclose 

 the name of a describer appears to be somewhat arbitrary. To me there 

 seem to be obvious advantages in using them, so I have employed them 

 to indicate transference of a species or subspecies to a genus other than 

 the original. 



In both the entomological and ornithological lists, the category, "un- 

 determined", is used rather frequently for the reason that there seems 

 to be no other equally satisfactory method of listing such citations as 

 "fly larvae", "puparia", "Fink", "pinson", "andorinha", etc. 



The heading, "uncertain position", is used as a means of presenting 

 citations of forms whose taxonomic position could not be determined 

 with a reasonable degree of accuracy. This category is exemplified by 

 Aleochara lata (cited by Rye, 1873), Adacantha melanura L. (Kiri- 

 chenko, 1949), and Passer rusticus L. (Stein, 1843). 



Even though a substained attempt was made to include all pertinent 

 citations regardless of the geographical areas involved, it is believed 

 that many citations remain excluded for the simple reason that I do not 

 know about them. Therefore, any additions will be welcomed. 



The placement of references for the entomological check-list is diffe- 

 rent from that for the ornithological portion. Entomological references 

 of a taxonomic nature frequently involve specific taxa. For convenience 

 in usage, these references have been grouped at the ends of the respec- 

 tive ordinal sections. However, ornithological references of taxonomic 

 nature are frequently presented on a somewhat restricted geographical 

 basis. Consequently, these references are placed at the end of the orni- 

 thological check-list and are not interspersed at the ends of ordinal 

 groups. General references which apply both to entomology and orni- 

 thology are placed in a separate section just preceding the addendum. 



It probably will be helpful to the user to have an explanation of 

 several examples taken from the check-lists for a better understanding 

 of the information presented. 



