HOW TO KNOW THE INSEQS 



the head of an Insect. The feeding apparatus falls Into two classes; 

 chewing mouthparts, and sucking moutnparts. Beetles, grass- 

 hoppers, crickets, and dragon flies are outstanding examples of 

 insects that tear up their food with chewing mouthparts. In con- 

 trast to these, butterflies, moths, flies, true bugs, leaf hop- 

 pers, etc. have their mouthparts specialized so as to form a hol- 

 low tube through which liquid foods may be dravm. Many bees have 

 a combination of chewing and sucking mouthparts. 



Chewing mouthparts vary widely in relative size of parts but 

 consist rather uniformly of an upper lip (labrum), covering the 

 other parts; a pair of horny jaws (mandibles) which work from 

 side to side; a pair of maxilla each bearing a galea, lacinla and 



3ETACE0U^ CBnatie-like) PLUMOSE. CAPITATE CwltKakead) 



prLlFORM (Tbread-like.) 



CLAVATE CClub-5b.apecn 



ARTsTAtT'' pectinate (Comb^l.ke; 



4^>ad ,cel C^-d jo.n.f) // /VOCr LAMELLATE (win, ^m 



future 



5ERRATE CS^^w-lik-e) 



BIPECTINATE 



'Ge:niculate 



^> (Elbowed) MONILlFORn (Bead-liKe) RiNGrEO 



7i'r-ure 29. Types of Antermae. 



a ;3olnted palp or sense organ resembling a short antenna. Under 

 all these parts is the lower lip (labium) with its center parts 

 and its pair of labial palps, ;jointed and resembling the maxil- 

 lary palps. 



The elongated tube and accessory parts of insects having suc- 

 torial mouthparts Include some or all of these same structures var- 

 iously modified. The mouthparts of insects are highly character- 

 istic of their groups and are often used for identification. 



The antennae are always Jointed and take many different forms, 

 some of which are shown (Fig. 29). 



The thorax is divided into three segments. The first, or 

 part nearest the head, (prothorax) bears the first pair of legs. 

 The second part (mesothorax) bears the second pair of legs and 

 the first pair of wings. The meta thorax is the third segment. It 

 bears the third pair of legs and the second pair of wings. 



34 



