HOW TO KNOW THE INSEQS 



The abdomen of Insects Is made of a number of horny rings 

 which more or less telescope each other. These rings, as well as 

 those of the thorax, are in part punctured along each side by a 

 row of openings (spiracles) through which the insect breathes. 

 The end of the abdomen often bears parts having to do vrlth mating 

 and egg laying. The latter are known as ovipositors and take 

 various form.s. 



The upper part of an insect is its dorsal side; that below 

 is the ventral side. The horny skeleton is arranged in plates 

 (sclerites) all of which have names. Both a dorsal and a ventral 

 view of a beetle are here shoirm.from which names and relation- 

 ship of parts may be seen. 



___Px.osT&y>-'^' Gfite-r-i-ij.-^ 





A^pfA•.t»v,-,,^' p^p<■^ery-^J' 



-/^e.ta^fei-i^al e.f>'i r-^trai 





Fifpare Z2, Ventral parts of an insect. (llarpalus caliginosus (rab.) 



36 



