HOW TO KNOW THE INSEaS 



and related plants. Expance of v:lng from 90 to llvS irin. (From 

 U.S.D.A.) 



The swallow tall butterflies are so named from the tall like 

 prolongations on the hind wings. They are all of large size. The 

 caterpillars have no spines but project a pair of fleshy horns 

 from the prothorax when dlstiorbed. These horns emit an unpleas- 

 ant odor. 



3b Not as in 3a 4 



4a Front legs reduced in size and held against breast; large 

 or medium sized, brown or reddish butterflies. (The Fourfooted 



Butterflies) 5 



4b All three pairs of legs normal 7 



5a Antennae naked; large reddish and black butterflies; larvae 

 feed on milkweed. (The Milkweed Butterflies.) Fig. 180. 



Family 3, DANA I DAE 



Fig. 180. Danaus archlppus 

 Fabr. The Monarch Butter- 

 fly. 



"""^ ■r^^^^^-^::^r"""'''^y Ground color of wings 



brownish red; their borders 

 and veins black. White spots 

 In border. Males may be dis- 

 tinguished by scent pouch on 

 a vein of back wing. The 

 pale yellowish caterpillar, 

 r^f^ocn marked with rings of black, 



„. ,„^ feeds on milkweed. Expanse 



Figure 180. ^ • -u j. -, /^rN 



of Wings about 100 mm. 



The Monarch Is the only 

 member of Its family known to occur In Iowa and Is one of our 

 best known butterflies. It collects In large numbers In the fall 

 and migrates to the South. It seems that none spend the winter 

 here but that each spring they return from the warmier south, to 

 lay their eggs and r^et things going again. 



5b Antennae clothed at least in part with scales 6 



6a Discal cell of back wings closed by a prominent vein. (The 

 Meadow-browns) Fig. 181. Family 4, SATYRIDAE 



Fig. 181. Clssla eurytus Fabr. The 

 Little Wood-satyr. 



Upper surface dark bror.Ti, outer 

 fourth sometimes paler. Spots 

 black with pale yellow margins. Ex- 

 panse of wings 35-40 mm.. 



These are, for the most part, 

 medium-sized broi'-m butterflies. 

 They have a row of rather promi- 

 nent eye spots along the outer 

 margin -of the wing. They are fre- 

 quently found in open v;oods and 

 meadows . 



6b Discal cell of back wings either open or closed by a mere 

 vestige of a vein. (The Nymphs) Fig. 182. 



Fami ly 5, NYMPHALIDAE 



Figure 181, 



90 



