HOW TO KNOW THE INSEQS 



Fig. 194. Da tana mlnlstra Dru. 



The Yellow-necked Apple Cater- 

 plllar. 



Front wings cinnamon brown, 

 marked with dark brown lines; hind 

 wings pale straw. Thorax with 

 prominent red brovm spot In front. 

 The larvae defoliate apple and 

 other trees. Expanse of wings 

 45-50 mm. 



Figure 194. 



Whether the Promlnents are so 

 called because of the hump on the 

 back of most of the larvae or from the lobe on the Inner margin 

 of the front wing is uncertain. Either would do for a reason. 

 These moths are of medium size, but the family Is a large one. 

 The larvae feed on the leaves of trees and shrubs. 

 16b Bodies slender; wings broad and delicate; legs not covered 

 with lona hairs. (The Geometrids or Measuring Worms.) 

 Fig. 195. Family 26, GEOMETRIDAE 



Fig. 195. Cleora pampinaria Guenee. 

 ? ^^ (a, Adult female; b, measuring worm 



larva . ) 



Tan v/lth dark brouim markings. Expanse 

 of wings about 30 mm. (From U.S.D.A.) 



The larvae of this family are the well 

 known "measuring worms," which have but 

 two pairs of prolegs Instead of the cus- 

 tomary five and in consequence walk with 

 a looping movement. Many of these lar- 

 vae when disturbed seek protection In 

 holding themselves rigidly in a diago- 

 nal position from a limb, thus closely 

 resembling a branched twig. Others drop 

 from their feeding place and hang sus- 

 pended on a few feet of silk. They 

 climb back to their food when danger passes. The family includes 

 ma.ny species. 



17a Stout, medium sized, hairy moths; the wings marked boldly in 

 contrasting colors (a few forms plain white or yellow). Vein 

 running along lower side of discal cell of hind wing, four- 

 branched. (The Tiger Moths, etc.) Fig. 196. 



Family 14, ARCTIIDAE 



Fig. 196. Estigmene acraea Dru. 



Male (pictured) front wings, thorax, 

 and tip of abdomen white; back wings and 

 top of abdomen (except last segment) 

 orange yellow. Spots on wings and mid- 

 dorsal line of abdomen black. Female 

 similar to male except that hind wings 

 are white with black spots. This Is one 

 of our most common moths. Expanse of 

 wings 50-60 mm. (From U.S.D.A.) 



This is a large family. The caterpil- 

 lars are for the most part heavily covered with hairs, which 

 they weave into a loose cocoon when they pupate. 



Figure 195. 



FigTire 196, 



95 



