THE NEW GENEALOGICAL TREE 425 



do really show a characteristic phenomenon ; in these animals 

 the anal opening was transferred to the anterior part of the 

 bodies as a consequence of their semi-sessile or fully sessile 

 way of life. Lang has therefore classified among his Prosopygia 

 the Sipunculoidea which are usually placed close to the Anne- 

 lida ; the Sipunculoidea are, as a matter of fact, prosopygous 

 "worms." Few zoologists have accepted these suggestions pro- 

 posed by Lang (e.g. Haeckel). Beklemischew, on the other 

 hand, has gone very far in the opposite direction ; he limited 

 Prosopygia to the Sipunculoidea only. 



The w^ord Tentaculata has been much more widely accepted 

 as a name of this group. There have also been some other 

 suggested names, e.g. the Podaxonia and the Vermidia 

 (Delage and Herouard), yet their spheres have been slightly 

 different. All these attempted groupings have one thing in 

 common; they include a part only of the Eumetazoa which 

 possess few segments only and which are therefore classified 

 among the Protostomia. In this way they are sharply separated 

 from the remaining groups with few segments which are 

 classified among the Deuterostomia. Few zoologists have tried 

 to escape this magic circle attempting to reach better solutions 

 on the basis of other concepts. 



The attempt which comes closest to my suggestion both 

 as regards its sphere and its name was made by Krumbach 

 within the framework of his "Vermes" (Vermes Polymeria). 

 Yet they do not include either the Sipunculoidea (in spite of the 

 fact that his characterization of the Oligomera suits to the 

 Sipunculoidea, with the exception of the number of their 

 segments) or the Echinodermata which actually belong to 

 the Trimeria. Schneider (1902) unites his Ameria (with the 

 Echinodermata as their only cladus) with the Trimeria (Entero- 

 pneusta and Tentaculata) into the type Coelenteria; they are 

 thus "Metazoen, deren Mesoderm vom Entoderm stammt und 

 phylogenetisch als Enterocoel auftritt" which, however, does 

 not correspond with our concept. Lameere united all the 

 groups which we classify as Oligomeria— with the exception 



