INTRODUCTION 



The present catalogue of the family Cixiidae forms Part 2 of Fascicle IV 

 of the General Catalogue of the Hemiptera of the world, which is devoted 

 to the superfamily Fulgoroidea. 



CHARACTERS OF THE FAMILY 



The family Cixiidae is one of the larger families of the Fulgoroidea. It 

 contains 84 genera and 786 species. They are, for the most part, medium 

 or medium small fulgorids. The head is not elaborately developed as it is 

 in many fulgorids but is relatively simple, with simple two-joined antennae 

 each of which has a terminal j&agellum. In the tribe Bothriocerini the 

 antenna is sunk into a pit or the head is provided with sub-antennal 

 processes. The third or median ocellus is often present. Tegulae are present. 

 The wings are usually macropterous and the venation is quite character- 

 istic; subcosta, radius, and media are generally united into a common stem 

 from the basal cell, with the stem of subcosta and radius long or short; 

 typically, the branches of subcosta form a nodal cell; radius and media 

 have a few branches, therefore only a small number of anteapical and 

 apical cells are formed; the claval suture is distinct; the claval veins unite 

 into a claval stem which ends in the commisural margin. The legs are 

 usually simple; the hind tibiae are long, either without or with only a 

 few lateral spines; characteristically there is a circle of apical spines at the 

 apex of the hind tibia. In the male genitalia: the pygofer is usually bulky 

 with the anal segment large and the anal style reduced; the genital styles 

 are generally large, flat and thin; the aedeagus consists of a simple tube, 

 often divided into two segments. The ovipositor is either complete or 

 reduced. 



CLASSIFICATION ADOPTED 



The classification adopted in this catalogue is the one proposed by Muir 

 in 1925. Muir recognized 90 genera distributed into two tribes as tabulated 

 below: 



Family CIXIIDAE Spinola 



Tribe Cixiini Muir 



Tribe Bothriocerini Muir 



HISTORICAL RESUME 



The earliest European systematic entomologists recognized the common 

 species in this group, and Linne, Fabricius, De Geer, Olivier and others 

 gave names to well known European species under the genera Cicada and 

 Fulgora. The family was not recognized as a group until it was described 

 under the name Cixiodes by Spinola in his "Essai sur les Fulgorelles" in 

 1839. Walker and Stal described numerous genera and species from various 

 parts of the world. 



