LEPIDOPTERA 



203 



Family Gracilariid.« 



The vestiture of the head varies greatly; the vertex is clothed with 

 prominent scales in some 

 forms, in others it is 

 smooth. The antennas 

 are long. The fore wings 

 are lanceolate, normal 

 or with somewhat re- 

 duced venation (Fig. 

 351). The hind wings 

 are lanceolate or linear. 



The adult moths when 

 at rest elevate the front 

 part of the body, the 

 fore legs being held r „ , , 



vertically so that the *"• "*• ~ Wings of Qndkrm - (After Spuler - ) 

 tips of the wings touch the surface on which the insect rests. 



The larvae are extraordinary; when young they are very much 

 flattened and have thin, blade-like mandibles and vestigial maxillae and 

 labium; they merely slash open the cells of the leaf and suck up the 

 cell-sap; later they usually have normal mouth-parts and eat the 

 parenchyma. The young larvae always make a flat blotch mine; later 

 many make a blotch mine in which the epidermis of one side of the leaf is 

 thrown into a fold by the growth of the leaf, i.e., a tentiform mine, or they 

 roll a leaf. The larvae have only fourteen legs or none, never any on the 

 sixth segment of the abdomen. 



Fig. 352. — Phyllonorycter hamadryadella: a, mine; b, young larva; c, full-grown, flat-form larva; d, head 

 of same, enlarged; e, antenna of same, enlarged; /, round-form larva from above; g, same from below; h, 

 head of same, enlarged; i, antenna of same, enlarged; k, maxilla and palpus of same, enlarged; /, labium, 

 labial palpi, and spinnerets of same; m, pupa; ». side view of pupal crest; 0, front view of same; q, cocoon; 

 Q, moth. 



