230 



THE STUDY OF INSECTS 



fore wing for half the length from the tip, being very characteristic. 

 The larva is quite common in the autumn on leaves of oak. It is known 

 as the red-humped oak-caterpillar; it is smooth and shining, with no 

 hairs; along each side of the back there is a yellow stripe, and between 

 these, on the back, fine black lines on a pale lilac ground; on each side 

 below the yellow stripes there are three black lines, the lowest one just 

 above the spiracles. The head is orange-red; and there is an orange-red 

 hump on the eighth abdominal segment. 



The two-lined prominent, Heterocampa bili- 

 neata. - — The larva of this species (Fig. 402) is 

 much more apt to be observed than the adult. 

 — iickrocampa biiineata, It is common in the latter part of the summer 

 and in early autumn, feeding on the leaves of 

 elm, beech, and basswood. It measures when full-grown about if 

 inches in length. Its ground-color is usually green, but sometimes 

 claret-red. There is a pale yellow stripe along the middle of the 

 back, and on each side a stripe of the same color. The course of these 

 side stripes is very characteristic; passing back from the head, they con- 

 verge on the prothorax; on the mesothorax and metathorax they are 

 separated from the dorsal line only by a narrow band of red or purple; 

 on the first abdominal segment they diverge to the lateral margin of the 

 back, but converge again on the seventh and eighth abdominal segments. 

 This yellow subdorsal line is bordered without by a milk-white stripe; 

 and extending from this stripe over the side of the body there is a whitish 

 shade which fades out below. The moth is ash-colored, with the fore-wings 

 crossed by two wavy lines between which the wing is darker; between the 

 outer wavy line and the outer margin of the wing there is a faint band. 



IS 



Fig. 403. — Schizura concinna, larva. 



The red-humped apple-worm, Schizura concinna. — The larva of this 

 species (Fig. 403) is common on apple and allied plants. The head 

 coral-red, and there is a hump of the same color on the 

 back of the first abdominal segment ; the body is striped 

 with slender black, yellow, and white lines, and has two 

 rows of black spines along the back, and other shorter 

 ones upon the sides. When not eating, the larvae re- 

 main close together, sometimes completely covering the 

 branch upon which they rest. This species passes the 

 winter in the pupa state. The adults appear in June 

 and July. 



The poplar mocha-stone moth, Mclalopha inclusa 



- The adult 



404) is a brownish-gray moth with the fore wings crossed by three irregu- 



