280 



THE STUDY OF INSECTS 



are more narrowly margined with black, and there is a black pouch next 

 to vein C112 of the hind wings, containing scent-scales or androconia. 



The larva feeds upon different species of milk-weed, Asclepias. When 

 full-grown it is lemon or greenish-yellow, broadly banded with shining 

 black. It is remarkable for bearing a pair of long fleshy filaments on the 

 second thoracic segment, and a similar pair on the seventh abdominal 

 segment (Fig. 481). The chrysalis is a beautiful object; it is bright 



>^ 



Fig. 481. — Danaus archippus, larva. (From Riley.) 



Fig. 482. — Danaus archippus, 

 chrysalis. (From Riley.) 



green dotted with golden spots, and about 1 ijich in length (Fig. 482). 



This species occurs throughout the greater part of the United States, 

 and is distributed far beyond our borders. It is believed, however, that 

 the species dies otit each year in a large part of the Northern States, 

 and that those butterflies which appear first in this region, in June or 

 July, have flown hither from the South, where they hibernate in the adult 

 state. In the extreme South they fly all winter. Great swarms, including 

 many thousands of individuals of this species, are sometimes seen, late 

 in the year; and these swarms appear to be migrating southward. 



The queen, Danaus berenice. — This species is found in the Southern 

 States. The upper surface of the wings is reddish chocolate-brown with 

 the costal margin of the front wings and the outer margins of both pairs 

 bordered with black. There are two partial rows of white dots near the 

 costal and outer margins of the front wings; and there is a larger white 

 spot in each of the cells R5 to Cu. The male possesses a black pouch 

 containing androconia next to vein Cu of the hind wings as in the pre- 

 ceding species. The wings expand from 2f to 3 inches. 



There is a well-marked variety, Danaus Berenice strigosa, in which on 

 the upper surface of the hind wings the veins are narrowly edged with 

 grayish-white. 



The larva of this species feeds on milkweed. This larva bears three 

 pairs of long, brown, whiplash filaments; these are on the second thoracic 

 and the second and eighth abdominal segments. 



Fig. 483. — Ilypatus bachmanni. 



THE LONG-BEAKS 



The long-beaks can be easily recognized by 

 their excessively long, beak-like palpi, which 

 are from one-fourth to one-half as long as the 

 body and project straight forward (Fig. 483). 

 The outer margin of the fore wings is deeply 

 notched ; the males have only four well-devel- 

 oped legs, while the females have six. 



