GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED IN DIPTEROLOGY 481 



Apicad — Toward the apex. 



Apical cell — The first posterior cell — the space between the third and fourth 

 longitudinal vein beyond the anterior crossvein (Rs). 



Apical scutellars — The apical pair of marginal bristles on the scutellum. The 

 term is loosely applied and often means the sub-apical scutellars, in 

 cases where the true apicals are absent. 



Apical spurs (of tibia) — Short, rather stout bristles often present on the under 

 or ventral surface of the tibiae. The number varies, and may differ on 

 different pairs of legs. 



Appendage (vein) — The presence of a short vein at the angle of a bend. 



Apterous — Wingless. 



Ai'cuate — Arched like a bow. 



Arista — A bristle-like portion of the third antennal segment which may be 

 apical or dorsal and sub-basal. It is composed normally of three seg- 

 ments; the first is usually minute and the second short, although all three 

 may be elongate. 



Auxiliary vein — The subcostal vein; that vein lying between the costa and 

 first vein, often absent. (Subcostal; mediastinal.) 



Axillary cell — The area behind the anal vein. 



Axillary lobe — The area behind the anal vein. See axillary cell. 



Axillary vein — The second anal vein when this is present (2nd A). 



Basad — Toward the base. 



Basicosta — The second distinct "scale" at the base of the wing in Muscoids. 

 It is bare. The basal "scale" is the epaulet and is haired. 



Basitarsus (si) — A term applied to the basal segment of the tarsi. 



Bend of fourth vein — The curve of the fourth vein beyond the posterior cross- 

 vein (Muscoids). 



Bilobed — Divided or split into two parts. 



Calcar — A single posterodorsal bristle usually strong, situated on the posterior 

 tibiae at or beyond the middle (Muscidse). 



Calypter (Calypters, Calypterae) — See squamae. 



Calypterje — See Calypteratse. 



Calypteratae — The Calypterate Muscoidfe — Tachinidae, Metopiidae, Muscidae, 

 OiJstridfe and Cuterebridae. 



Capitate — PJnlarged at the apex. 



Carinate — Ridged or bearing a raised line or keel. 



Caudad— Toward the posterior end of the abdomen or hind margin of the 

 wing. 



Caudal — Pertaining to the apex of the abdomen. 



Cephalad — Toward the front of the head. 



Cell — A space in the wing bounded by veins. 



Cheeks — The space below the eyes. Sometimes termed the peristoma. 



Chitinized — Hardened or horn-like: not membranous. There has been a great 

 deal of discussion as to the proper use of the term chitin. As generally, 

 and I think properly, used it refers to the leather-like, or hard part of 

 insects; now commonly written sclerotized. 



Clavate — Clubbed or enlarged at the apex. 



Claws — Tarsal claws, borne on the fifth (or apical) tarsal segment. 



Clypeus — A distinct sclerite at the base of the proboscis adjacent to the ante- 

 rior oral opening. Some authors have contended that the clypeus is absent 

 and that the middle of the face is the tnae clypeus. This seems very 

 doubtful and I do not accept the contention. The term has been applied 

 recently to the middle of the face, but epistoma is a much better term for 

 that part. 



Coarctate — Narrowed between the base and apex at some point. 



Comb — A row of closely set, short bristles. (Often occurring on the femora or 

 tarsi: Drosophilidae, etc.) 



