216 APPENDIX. No. in. 



species of charr (Salmo arcturus* GKinther), which doubtless 

 might afford good living to birds of this family. 



21. Harelda glacialis. — We observed a flock of long- 

 tailed duck swimming in the pools of water between the floes 

 on September 1, 1875, near Floeberg Beach (lat. 82° 27' N.) 

 On September 16 two were shot not far from the ship. 

 During the summer of 1876 a few of these birds visited the 

 northern shores of Grrinnell Land , we found them in pairs on 

 lakes and ponds, where they were evidently breeding. From 

 the rapidity with which they dive they are very difficult to 

 shoot, and when secured do not repay the outlay in powder 

 and lead. 



22. Somateria mollissima. — The eider-duck breeds abun- 

 dantly in the neighbourhood of Port Foulke, but decreased 

 in numbers as we advanced northwards. It became rare after 

 passing Cape Frazer, the meeting-place of the Polar and 

 Baffin's Bay tides, but was replaced to some extent by the 

 next species. I did not obtain an eider north of Cape Union. 

 Dr. Coppinger procured both eider and king-duck at Thank 

 Grod Harbour (lat. 81° 38' N.) in the month of July, 1876. 



23. Somateria spectabilis. — I did not obtain the king- 

 duck in Smith Sound during the autumn of 1875 ; but in the 

 end of June 1876 several flocks of males and females, num- 

 bering from ten to twenty individuals, were seen near Floeberg 

 Beach (lat. 82° 27' N.) Most of these fell a prey to our 

 gunners ; but those that escaped settled down to breed along 

 the coast, and several nests were found with fresh eggs in 

 them from the 9th to the middle of July. 



24. Bernicla brenta. — During the first week of June, 

 parties of brent-geese arrived in the vicinity of our winter- 

 quarters (lat. 82° 27' N.) For some days they continued 

 flying up and down the coast-line, evidently looking out 

 for places bare of snow to feed on. They were very wary, 

 and kept well out of gun-shot range. On June 211 found 

 the first nest with eggs in lat. 82° 33' N.; subsequently 

 many were found. When the young are hatched, the parent 

 birds and broods congregate on the lakes or in open water 



