470 



INDEX 



.Maniestra brassicae, wintering stage, 

 304 



Mammals, eating insects, 397 



iMandibles, of earwig, 17-18 ; of 

 tabanid, 21 ; of bug, 21 ; of 

 cockroach, 61-63 ; compari- 

 sons indicating relationship, 

 329, 347-348 



Marine insects, 283-298 



Maturation, 11 7-1 21 



Maxillae, of earwig, 18 ; of tabanid, 

 21 ; of bug, 21 ; of butterfly, 

 23 ; of cockroach, 63-65 



Mayflies, larva and nymph, 185 ; 

 larval structure and sub- 

 imago 192; characters, 313 ; 

 relationships, 333 ; geological 

 history, 337-338 



Mealworm. See Tenebrio. 



Mecoptera characters, 315 ; larvae, 

 334-335 ; geological history, 

 340-341 



Megaloptera, 314, 341 



Meliponinae, societies, 227-228 



Melophagus ovinus, 405-406 



Memory, 103 



Mendelian inheritance, 121-131, 

 356, 364. 373 



Mermis, parasitic in insects, 409 



Mesoderm, 154-155 



Messor barbarus, 342 



Metamorphosis. See Transforma- 

 tion. 



Metopina, in ants' nests, 252 



Metrocoris, 295 



Miana strigilis, variation, 353 



Micralymma brevipenne, 285-286 



Micropterygidae, wing-coupling, 

 59 ; larvae, 334-335 



Microsporidia, parasitic in insects, 

 414 



Mid-gut, 5, 28-30, 15s 



Migration,^ geographical, 263-264, 

 304-305 ; in search of food, 

 384 ; of Aphids and 

 Chermes, 389-393 



Millipedes. See Diplopoda. 



Mimicry, 372-375 



Miocene fossil insects, 341 



Mites, guests of ants, 251 ; parasitic 

 on, or carried by insects, j 

 415-416 I 



Mollusca, carried by water-insects, f 



417 ^ 



Moths, response to light and scent, | 



69-70 ; inheritance in, 121- I 



J26 ; pairing, 201-203; 

 variation, 350-352 ; modi- 

 fication by food, 362-364 ; 

 colour adaptation, 273, 369- 

 370. See also Lepidoptera. 



Moulting during growth, 11, 160- 

 161 



Mouth, 17 



Movements of insects, 47-68 



Musca domestica and disease, 438- 



439 



Muscles, 2 ; microscopic structure, 

 47-49 ; action of, 49-50 ; of 

 legs, 51-53 ; of abdomen, 

 53-54 ; of wings, 56-57 ; of 

 jaws, 61-67 



Mutants, 351-355 



Mutation theory, 351 



Mutillidae, 237 



Myrmecocystus, 242 



Natural selection, 365-376 

 Nectar, change into honey, 27-28 ; 



attractive to insects, 394 

 Nematocera, 316 

 Nepa, " death-shamming," 101 ; 



breathing, 277 ; carrying 



small Mollusca, 416 

 Nerve-cells, 70-71 

 Nerve- impulse, 70-71 

 Nerves, afferent and efferent, 70 

 Neuroptera, wing-coupling, 58-59 ; 



characters, 314-315 ; larvae, 



334 ; geological history, 341 

 Nosema apis and N. bombycis, 414 



0.\K-FEEDING insects, 382-387 ; gall- 

 flies, 385-387 



Ocelli, 83 



Odonata, characters, 313 ; larvae, 

 332-333 ; geological history, 

 338-339. See also Dragon- 

 flies. 



Oesophagus. See Gullet. 



Oestridae, 399 



Oligocene insects, 328 



Oocytes, 1 19-120 



Orchestes fagi, in 



Orders of insects, 309-317 



Orgvia antiqua, 214, 300-301, 383- 

 384 



Ornithomyia avicularia, 405 



Orthoptera, characters, 311 

 structure and affinities, 329, 

 331-332 ; fossils, 337 



