X INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 



VI NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 68 



Food requirements. Vitamin requirements. Micro- 

 organisms and symbionts as sources of vitamins. Water 

 metabolism. Cold resistance. Temperature of insects. Res- 

 piratory metabolism. Anaerobic metabolism. Metabolism 

 and chemical changes during growth and metamorphosis. 

 Some chemical products of insects. Pigment metabolism. 

 Light production 



VII GROWTH 83 



Growth ratios. Moulting. Metamorphosis. Chemistry 

 of insect growth hormones. Histolysis and histogenesis. 

 Regeneration. Determination of sex. Determination of 

 other characters. Arrested growth or diapause 



VIII REPRODUCTION 97 



Male and female reproductive systems. Oogenesis and 

 oviposition. Mating, impregnation and fertilization. 

 Factors controlling fertility and fecundity. Hibernation 

 and diapause. Special modes of reproduction 



IX MUSCLES AND MOVEMENTS 106 



The physiological properties of insect muscles. Loco- 

 motion. Flight 



X THE NERVOUS SYSTEM, SENSE ORGANS AND 



BEHAVIOUR 112 



The nerve cord. The brain. Reflex responses in the nor- 

 mal insect. Orientation. Sense organs: mechanical senses. 

 Chemical senses. Temperature and humidity senses. 

 Vision. Colour vision. Insect behaviour 



INDEX 129 



