284 RESULTS OF THE METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS TAKEN DURING 



OBSERVATIONS AT CAPE PEMBROKE, 

 FALKLAND ISLANDS, 



From the inception of the Expedition the utility of a base station at the Falkland 

 Islands was freely recognised, and through the co-operation of Dr W. N. Shaw, F.E.S., 

 a complete copy of the observations made six times daily at Cape Pembroke Lighthouse 

 was obtained from the Meteorological Office, the values being printed in extenso in the 

 first portion of this report. From these observations means have been computed which 

 show the salient features of the meteorology for the years 1903 and 1904. Although 

 the Antarctic work of the " Scotia ' terminated in April 1904, it was considered advisable 

 to include the observations for the whole of that year, in view of the circumstances that 

 the South Orkney observations were being continued under Argentine auspices, while at 

 the same time a French expedition under the leadership of Dr Jean Charcot was 

 wintering at Wandel Island, at the southern extremity of Gerlache Strait, Graham's Land. 

 During the visit of the " Scotia" to Port Stanley, the Cape Pembroke station was 

 inspected, and several new instruments and screens for their exposure sent out by the 

 Meteorological Office were installed. The observer, Mr John Pearce, principal keeper 

 of the lighthouse, kindly agreed to keep a Richard barograph running and to send the 

 sheets home, and from these records (which are still continued) hourly values of baro- 

 metric pressure for the three years 1903-1905 have been computed. To further 

 complete the meteorological equipment, the Governor of the Falkland Islands, His 

 Excellency Sir William Grey Wilson, K.C.M.G., undertook to look after a Campbell 

 Stokes sunshine recorder, and to transmit the cards to the Meteorological Office, where 

 they have been tabulated. With regard to the barometric observations, all the readings 

 have been corrected to 32° and reduced to mean sea-level, but the correction to standard 

 gravity, which is -I- "018 inch, has not been applied. 



Barometric Pressure. 

 The mean barometric pressure for the two years under review was 29'618 inches, 

 being highest 29 '726 inches in October, and lowest 29 '392 inches in March. The 

 highest individual reading was 30'429 inches on September 5, 1903, and the lowest 

 28*354 inches on January 2, 1904, showing a range of 2"075 inches. The greatest 

 monthly range was r605 inch for January 1904, and the least 0"691 inch in July 1903, 

 the comparatively small range being due to the almost complete absence of anticyclonic 

 systems, and the infrequeucy of very deep depressions. The highest mean pressure 

 29'857 inches was recorded in October 1903, and the lowest 29"302 inches in March of 

 the same year, showing a range of 0'555 inch between the extreme mean monthly 



