Introduction 5 



work gave real impetus to the studies of a group of entomologists who made 

 their chief contributions during the last half of the nineteenth century and 

 the first part of the twentieth century. In this group should be mentioned 

 Stal, who worked on collections from various parts of the world. Other con- 

 spicuous European workers during this period were Kirschbaum and Meli- 

 char in Germany; Flor and Sahlberg in Scandinavia; Marshall, Scott, and 

 Edwards in England; Walker and Distant, who worked over the rich col- 

 lections in the British Museum; Van Duzee, Uhler, Ashmead, Osborn and 

 Fitch in the United States; and Berg in Argentina. Since the turn of the 

 century many notable contributions have been made by Muir and Kirkaldy, 

 especially on the Pacific faunas; Crawford, Swezey, Ball, Dozier, Fowler 

 and others on the fauna of the Americas; Matsumura, Esaki and Kato on 

 the species from Japan; Oshanin and Kusnezov in Russia; Jacobi, Haupt 

 and Jensen-Haarup in continental Europe; and China in England. 



The author regrets the necessity of making a change in the well known 

 family name Delphacidae. The generic name Delphax Fabricius 1798 is 

 preoccupied by Delphax Walbaum 1792 (Mammalia). The next available 

 name for this genus is Araeopus Spinola 1839, which will replace Delphax 

 Fabricius and the family name will be Araeopidae, following the principle 

 advocated by our late general Editor, Dr. Geza Horvath, according to which 

 we give priority to family names as we do to the names of genera and spe- 

 cies. In this system we give to each family a type genus, and the family 

 name follows that of the type genus through all its subsequent changes. 



geographical distribution 



The species of this family are widely distributed in all parts of the world 

 save the extreme Arctic and Antarctic regions. The faunas of Europe, 

 North America, Central America, Argentina, the Hawaiian Islands, Japan 

 and India are fairly well known, but vast regions of the world have hardly 

 been explored. The geographic distribution of each species is indicated by 

 superior figures at the end of the lines which correspond to geographic re- 

 gions designated by the same superior figure. In general we have indicated 

 the distribution as given by the author of the reference, using the country 

 as the smallest unit except in the larger countries, where states and prov- 

 inces are used as the smallest units. In the larger island groups the individual 

 islands are indicated wherever possible because of the interest in island en- 

 demism. 



form of the present catalogue 



This catalogue follows the general form of the present series. The family 

 is divided into subfamilies and tribes, and the genera are arranged under 

 each category in as nearly a phylogenetic order as our present knowledge 

 will permit. The species are arranged under the genera in alphabetic se- 



