Tribe 3. Jubinini 



Raffray (1903, 1908) 



The Jubinini are wholly American. The tribe contains eleven genera, and 

 all of these genera and all but one species are found south of the northern 

 border of Mexico. The single species found outside the region discussed here 

 was described by Schaufuss {Stratus ursinus Schaufuss, 1872) from Mexico and 

 with doubt from New Orleans, Louisiana. Inasmuch as no representative of 

 this species has since been reported from the United States, and there seems 

 to be some uncertainty about the Louisiana record, it is possible that ursinus 

 is Mexican and that the Jubinini are wholly neotropical. Certainly the tribe 

 is essentially a southern stock as evidenced by the type localities. 



Morphologically the genera have certain features peculiarly developed 

 (PI. VII) and not found elsewhere in the family. This is especially true of the 

 ventral face of the head and the mouth-parts. 



The body is usually elongate and flattened. There is considerable variation 

 in pubescence and in punctation of the integument. The head is generally 

 elongate and more or less triangular, with the insertion of the antennae sub- 

 contiguous. The ventral surface of the head is characteristically carinated in 

 most of the genera, and this is a diagnostic feature of great weight. In all but 

 three or possibly four genera, this lower surface of the head has two well- 

 developed oblique carinae, which arise on each side of the head, near the 

 mentum, and converge posteriorly. This convergence of the oblique carinae 

 may be anteriad of the neck to form a Y-shaped pattern, or the carinae may 

 converge at the neck to form a V-shaped pattern. In a few genera this pattern 

 is absent. 



The jubine mentum — a very large, transverse plate which covers the mouth 

 and most of the mouth-parts — is characteristic of the species. 



The maxillary cardo is prolonged on the external face into a long, oblique, 

 acute-to-obtuse spine. This projection of the cardo flanks the expanded mentum 

 on either side, and partially obscures the maxillary palpus. The development 

 of cardo and mentum led Raffray to separate the Jubinini into a separate tribe. 



The maxillary palpus is typically four-segmented and primitive. The first 

 segment is medium in size; the second elongate and longer than the first; the 

 third segment usually smaller and transverse to triangular; the fourth segment 

 is relatively large, elongate-cylindrical or fusiform and terminates in the 

 usual palpal cone. 



The antennae are eleven-segmented, without striking modijBcations seen 

 in more specialized tribes. The intermediate segments are simple and transverse 

 or quadrate as a rule, and either become gradually larger distally, or the distal 

 three to five segments form a club. 



(38) 



