X CONTENTS 



CHAl'TEK PAGE 



XVI. Development . . . • • 3^7 



Gametes. Eggs of Cyclostomcs and Selachians. Eggs of 

 Bony Fishes: pelagic and demersal eggs. Segmentation. 

 Yolk. Embryonic development. Viviparous fishes. Con- 

 nection between embryo and parent. Embryonic develop- 

 ment of a Shark. Development of Salmon. Larvae and 

 larval organs: Ammocoetes ; external gills. Larval Sun-fishcs, 

 Deal-fishes, "Sword-fishes," Gar-fishes, etc. Larval develop- 

 ment and metamorphosis of Fresh-water Eel. Metamor- 

 phosis of Flat-fishes. Hybrids. 

 XVIL Fossils and Pedigrees . . . • • 34^ 



Taxonomy and the science of palaeontology. Stratified 

 rocks. Geological record. Fossil Marsipobranchs : Ostraco- 

 derms. Palaeospondylus. Placoderms: Arthrodira and Anti- 

 archa. Fossil Selachians : Cladoselache, Climatius, Pleuracanthus, 

 etc. Origin of Bony Fishes. Palaeopterygii : Palaeoniscids, 

 Platysomids, Catopterids, Chondrosteids, etc. Crossoptery- 

 gii: Rhipidistia, Actinistia, and Dipneusti. Neopterygii: 

 Semionotids, Pycnodonts, Eugnathids, Pachycormids, etc. 

 Primitive modern Bony Fishes. 



XVIII. Classification 3^3 



Phylogenetic trees. Species and their origin. Races, sub- 

 species, and varieties. Genera and sub-genera. Nomen- 

 clature. Classification of Marsipobranchs, of Selachians, of 

 Bony Fishes. 

 XIX. Fishes and Mankind . . . • . -3^1 



Fish as food. Composition of flesh. Value of fresh-water 

 fishes. Diflferent kinds of edible fishes. Commercial value 

 of deep-sea fisheries. Fishing industry of Great Britain. 

 Fishing methods: trawling, seining, drifting, lining. Pre- 

 servation of fresh fish. Fish curing, etc. By-products of 

 fishes: oils, meals, fertilisers, glue, isinglass, leather, etc. 

 XX. Fishes and Mankind [continued) .... 402 

 Harvest of the sea. Dangers of over-fishing and possible 

 remedies. Fishery investigations. Methods of research. 

 Pisciculture. Artificial propagation. Introduction of fishes 

 into new countries. Angling. Improvement of Salmon and 

 Trout fishing. Pollution and hydro-electric schemes. Fish 

 diseases: Furunculosis, Saprolegnia, Salmon Disease. Fish 

 parasites: Sea Lice, Gill Maggots, Worms. Monstrosities. 

 Varieties of Goldfish. Fishes used in controlling disease. 

 Aquaria. Fishes in museums. 

 XXI. Myths and Legends, etc. . . . • • 424 



Size: largest and smallest fishes. Longevity. Medicinal 

 uses of Tench and other fishes. Myth of the "ship-holder." 

 Monk-fish, Bishop-fish, Mermaid and Sea Serpent. Fishes 

 from the clouds. The Miraculous Draught. Crucifix-fish. 



List of Books .....•• 435 

 Index 437 



