SPERM WHALES AND BOTTLE-NOSED WHALES 273 



the calves when born are about 10 feet in length, but little is 

 known about the breeding habits of this species. 



The food consists of cuttlefish and, as in other Ziphioids, the 

 stomach is divided up into numerous compartments, and the 

 intestine makes up for its shortness by the elaborate reticulated 

 folding into which its internal lining is thrown. 



Small schools of from four to a dozen animals move about 

 together and occasionally they all become stranded at the 

 same time as, for example, in 1927, when four were found on the 

 coast of Sutherland, in Scotland. F. E. Beddard in 'A Book 

 of Whales' says : "Another habit of this whale has proved its 

 destruction ; a herd will never leave a wounded comrade. 

 Directly their companion is dead they move away, but not 

 until." In the latter part of the nineteenth century when 

 Greenland Right Whales had become scarce, and before the 

 modern Rorqual fishery had developed, the Bottle-nosed 

 Whale was hunted extensively in Arctic seas, for besides the 

 oil yielded by the blubber, this species has in the head a 

 reservoir in which spermaceti, not differing greatly from that 

 of the Sperm Whale, is to be found. 



The weight of a female Bottle-nosed Whale 21 feet 8 inches 

 in length is recorded as 2 tons 18 cwt. 



Genus Berardius. 

 Fig. 72. 



Berardius is one of several cetacean genera not sufficiently 

 well known to be identified by a common name. Two species 

 are recognized, B. bairdii and B. arnuxii, the former from the 

 North Pacific and Bering Sea, and the latter from the Southern 

 Ocean — New Zealand, Falkland Islands, South Georgia and 

 the South Shetlands. 



Both species are distinguished by having two large teeth 

 on each side of the lower jaw ; the front pair, situated at the 

 tip of the jaws, more massive than the others, but both pairs 

 compressed laterally and roughly triangular in side view. The 

 length of the front teeth is about 3 inches, and of the hinder 

 as much as 2 inches. 



The external form is like that of Hyperoodon, with tapering 

 snout and well-defined forehead, but having the tip of the 



