1936] Schultz: Keys to Fishes 123 



59b. Dorsal fin or fins with pungent spines anteriorly and 

 soft rays posteriorly. 



61a. Dorsal fins 2, entirely separated or slightly joined 

 together when a spine is present in the 2nd fin, 

 preceding the soft rays. 



62a. Anal III, 11 or 12; dorsal IX-I, 12; body with 

 very narrow longitudinal stripes in local species. 

 Bass 60. Moronidae, p. 163 



62b. Anal I or II, 7 or 8; dorsal VI to XVI, 12 or 

 13 in local species. 

 Perches 58. Percidae, p. 161 



61b. Dorsal fin single (deeply emarginate in Aplitcs) ; 

 body with not more than 1 longitudinal stripe ; anal 

 normally III to VI (rarely II), 10 to 19; dorsal 

 VI to XI, 11 to 15. 

 Bass and Sunfishes ..59. Centrarchidae, p. 161 



58b. Vomer without teeth. Fig. 18. 



63a. Scales just before middle of body, 3 or 4 times 

 deeper vertically than longer horizontally. 

 Pompreys 54. Bramidae, p. 160 



63b. Scales not as above. 



64a. Dorsals and anals without distinct spines. 



Ragfishes 56. Icosteidae, p. 161 



64b. Dorsal and anal with spines. 



65a. Anal spines I or II in local species. 



Croakers or Sea Bass 



61. Otolithidae, p. 163 



65b. Anal spines III. 



Viviparous Perch 



73. Embiotocidae, p. 189 



55b. Pelvic fins definitely not I, 5. 



66a. Pelvic fins with more than 5 soft rays and with or with- 

 out a spine. 



67a. Numerous nearly round light spots, about the size of 

 the pupil or smaller occur all over the body; dorsal 

 fin single, very long, elevated, falcate in front, of 49 

 to 55 rays, without distinct spines ; anal fin long and 

 low, not elevated or falcate in front, of 33 to 41 rays; 

 in life all fins are scarlet in color ; pelvic fins of 14 to 

 17 rays, and about as long as head; pectorals nearly as 

 long as head; depth of the compressed body l-)4 in 

 standard length. 

 Moonfish 42. Lampridae, p. 156 



67b. Characters not as in 67a. 



68a. Dorsals and anals without spines. 



69a. Tail not tapering to a point, dorsal and anal fins 

 separate from the distinct caudal fin. 

 Cods and Hake 39. Gadidae, p. 154 



