1936] Schults: Keys to Fishes 125 



76b. Gill membranes joined to isthmus. 



77a. Skin smooth ; dorsal somewhat hidden by the lax skin, 

 long and continuous or with a short portion anteriorly 

 more or less separated by a notch. 

 Sea Snails or Rock Suckers.. 72. Liparididae, p. 186 



77b. Skin with strongly developed tubercles or spines ; dorsal 

 fins 2, well separated and about of equal length. 

 Lump Suckers 71. Cyclopteridae, p. 186 



75b. Breast without a sucking disk. 



78a. Dorsal and anal followed by detached rays or finlets. 

 Fig. 11. 



79a. There is no middle keel on each side of caudal peduncle, 

 only the small keels, 1 above and 1 below ; 1st dorsal 

 separated from 2nd dorsal by an interspace as long as 

 or longer than snout ; color on back of almost vertical 

 stripes. 

 Mackerels 51. Scombridae, p. 160 



79b. A single median keel on each side of caudal peduncle 

 and a small one above and below the large one. Fig 3. 

 Tunny and Albacore 52. Thunnidae, p. 160 



78b. Dorsal and anal without finlets. 



80a. A bony stay (suborbital stay) extending from below 

 eye backward across the cheek just under the skin, 

 or else the side of the head is bony. 



81a. Gill opening small, not extending below the lower 

 edge of the pectoral fin. 



Northern Sea Horse 



69. Rhamphocottidae, p. 182 



81b. Gill opening extending at least to lower edge of 

 pectoral fin. 

 Sculpins 68. Cottidae, p. 172 



80b. No suborbital stay or bony cheeks. 



82a. Body tapering to a blunt point behind ; the dorsal 

 and anal continuous around caudal ; gill membranes 

 joined to isthmus. 

 Eel Pouts 84. Zoarcidae, p. 195 



82b. Body not tapering to a point. 



83a. Anal fin absent; caudal fin directed obliquely 

 upward. 

 Ribbon Fishes 41. Trachipteridae, p. 156 



83b. Anal fin present ; caudal normal. 



84a. Dorsal spines soft and ray-like. 



85a. Both jaws of about the same length; head 

 about 4 in length ; depth about 3 ; lateral 

 line and fins with prickles ; body not long 

 and not ribbon-like. 

 Ragfishes 56. Icosteidae, p. 161 



