132 University of Washington Publications in Biology [Vol. 2. 



3a. Shoulder girdle with about 6 spines ; orbital rim with spines ; width of 

 disk about 1.2 in its length; tail is contained about 1.4 times in length 

 of disk, 1.7 in width of disk; the tail is shorter than the disk by 24 

 length of snout. Range: Unalaska to California. Marine. Not rare. 

 Prickly Skate 17. Raja stellnlata Jordan and Gilbert 



3b. Shoulder girdle and orbital rims without spines; width of disk V/ 2 in 

 its length ; tail longer than the disk by l / 2 the snout. Range : Central 

 Alaska and Santa Barbara in deep water. Marine. Rare. 

 Rough-tailed Skate 18. Raja trachura Gilbert 



2b. Outline of body everywhere evenly rounded or convex, the anterior mar- 

 gin not undulating ; shoulder girdle with a spine ; tail as long as the disk. 

 Range : Puget Sound region. Marine. Rare. 

 Black Skate 19. Raja kincaidi Garman 



lb. Outline of body at each side of snout concave ; a line drawn as in la, pass- 

 ing at some one point well outside of the outline of the body. 



4a. Pelvic fins with a notch that divides it into 2 distinct lobes when the 

 anterior tip is held at right angles to the axis of the tail (often in 

 Raja inornata the edge of the fin is deeply concave) ; usually 3 to 10 

 hooked orbital spines. 



Sa. A line drawn from tip of snout to outer angle of pectoral touches 

 the outline of the body near the middle of this line ; interorbital 

 space 3 to 3.4 times in length of snout ; length of tail about equal 

 to the disk ; in the young there are 2 or 3 spines in middle line of 

 back followed by a space without spines before the continuous 

 series begins just anterior to the pelvics. Range: Str. Juan de 

 Fuca to San Diego. Marine. Rare northward. 

 California Skate 20. Raja inornata Jordan and Gilbert 



5b. A line drawn from tip of snout to outer angle of pectoral passes 

 the width of the interorbital space outside the outline of the body 

 (except in the young) ; interorbital space 3.5 to 4 in snout; tail 

 shorter than disk by 2 /z snout; in the young of rhina there is 1 

 strong spine followed by a space before the continuous series on 

 mid-line of back begins over the pelvics. Range : Alaska to Pt. 

 Loma, California. Marine. Common. 



Long-nosed Skate 21. Raja rhina Jordan and Gilbert 



4b. Pelvic fins without a deep notch, when the anterior tip is held at 

 right angles to the axis of the tail the edge of the pelvic fin is nearly 

 straight; the hooked spines around the eye number 3 or fewer on 

 young and are usually absent on adults; length of disk about 1.1 in 

 width; tail about 1.3 in length of disk; in the young there is only a 

 single spine in mid-line of back (this may be absent in very young) 

 followed by a continuous series which begins over pelvics. Range : 

 Sitka, Alaska, to San Diego. Marine. Common. 

 Big Skate 22. Raja binoculata Girard 



Family 14. Torpedinidae. Electric Rays 



Range : Nootka Sound, Vancouver Island to San Diego Bay. Marine. Com- 

 mon northward. 

 Torpedo. Crampfish 23. Tetranarce calijomica (Ayres) 



Family 15. Chimaeridae. Chimaeras 



Range : Alaska to San Diego Bay. Marine. Abundant. 



Ratfish. Chimaera 24. Hydrolagus colliei (Lay and Bennett) 



