1936] Schultz: Keys to Fishes 133 



Family 16. Acipenseridae. Sturgeons. 



la. Plates between pelvics and anal small, in 2 rows of 4 to 8 ; dorsal rays 44 

 to 48 ; anal rays 28 to 30. Range : Alaska to Monterey. Marine and fresh- 

 water. Common. 

 White Sturgeon 25. Acipenser transmontanus Richardson 



lb. Plates between pelvics and anal large, in 1 or 2 rows of 1 to 4 each; dorsal 

 rays 33 to 35 ; anal rays 22 to 28. Range : North Pacific southward to Mon- 

 terey Bay. Marine and freshwater. Not abundant 

 Green Sturgeon 26. Acipenser acutirostris Ayres (=A. medirostris) 



Family 17. Clupeidae. Herrings. 



la. Ventral scutes strong and sharp, the ventral edge of the belly much com- 

 pressed ; depth 3^4 in length ; peritoneum white ; about 60 scales in a lateral 

 series. Range : Atlantic Coast of U.S. and southeastern Alaska to Monte- 

 rey Bay. Marine and freshwater. Abundant. 

 Shad 27. Alosa sapidissima (Wilson) 



lb. Ventral scutes not strong, the ventral edge of the belly only a little com- 

 pressed ; depth 4 to 5 in length ; peritoneum black or dusky ; about 38 to 55 

 scales in a lateral series. 



2a. About 40 rakers on lower arch of first gill ; peritoneum dusky ; vomer 

 with teeth ; about 38 to 45 scales ; no striae on the operculum. Range : 

 Kamchatka to San Diego. Marine. Abundant. 

 Pacific Herring 28. Clupca pallasii Cuvier and Valenciennes 



2b. About 50 to 60 rakers on lower arch of first gill ; peritoneum black ; 

 about 53 scales ; opercle with 7 long striae extending downward and back- 

 ward. Range : British Columbia to Gulf of California. Marine. Abundant. 

 Pilchard. Sardine 29. Sordino ps cacrulea (Girard) 



Family 18. Engraulidae. Anchovies 



Range : Vancouver Island to Lower California. Marine. Abundant. 



Northern Anchovy 30. Engranlis mordax mordax Girard 



Family 19. Alepocephalidae 



Range : Coast of Oregon. Marine. Rare. 



Deep Sea Fish 31. Bathytroctes stomias Gilbert 



Family 20. Salmonidae. Salmon and Trout 



la. Anal fin elongate, of 13 to 19 rays (rarely 12 or 18 or 19) ; vomer narrow, 

 long, flat, with weak teeth; gill rakers 19 to 40 (rarely 19 or 20) on 1st 

 gill arch; branchiostegals 13 to 19; species with or without black spots, 

 adults with anal and dorsal seldom spotted. Figs. 21, 22, 23, and 24. 



2a. Scales very small, in about 170 to 231 oblique rows on the side, and us- 

 ually 30 to 37 (range 26 to 40) above, and 28 to 35 (range 25 to 40) be- 

 low, the lateral line; caudal spots large and oblong; gill rakers 11 to 13 

 + 15 to 18 (usually totaling from 27 to 35) ; anal rays usually 14 to 16; 

 young without any trace of parr marks. Range : Northern Japan to 

 Alaska, southward to San Francisco. Marine and freshwater. Abundant. 



Pink Salmon. Humpback Salmon 32. Oncorhynchus gorbuscha 



(Walbaum) 



