ORTHOPTERA 

 Subfamily COPIPHORIN.E 



239 



The Cone-headed Grasshoppers 



The cone-headed grasshoppers are so called because the vertex is 

 prolonged forward and upward into a cone. These are much larger 

 insects than the meadow grass- 

 hoppers and are found in trees as 

 well as upon grass. This sub- 

 family is represented in our fauna 

 by four genera; but three of 

 these are found only in the South. 

 All of the northern species belong 

 to the genus Neoconocephaltis, of 

 which eleven species occur in the 

 United States. The most com- 

 mon species in the north, east of 



Fig. 252. — Neoconocephaltis ensiger, 

 male. (From Lugger.) 



the Rocky Mountains, is the sword-bearer, Neoconocephalus ensiger. 

 Figure 252 represents the male of this species, and Figure 253 the 

 female. Both sexes have very long wings, and the ovipositor of the 

 female is remarkable for its length. 



Fig. 253. — Neoconocephalus ensiger, female. (From Lugger.) 



In most of the species of Neoconocephalus there are two distinct 

 forms : one pea-green in color and the other of a brownish straw-color. 



Subfamily DECTICINiE 



The Shield-backed Grasshoppers 



A few members of this subfamily have well-developed wings ; but 

 in most species the wings are small, especially in the female, where 

 they are sometimes even absent. Most of the species bear some 

 resemblance to crickets. They present, however, a strange appear- 

 ance, due to the pronotum extending backward over the rest of the 

 thorax, like a sun-bonnet worn over the shoulders with the 



