LEPIDOPTERA 645 



leaving the empty pupa skins projecting from the nest, as shown in 

 the figure. The moths vary in size, the wing ex- 

 panse of those we have bred ranging from 20 mm. 

 to nearly 30 mm. The wings are bright ochre- 

 yellow; the front pair marked with iiTegular 

 brownish spots and numerous transverse bands 

 of leaden blue (Fig. 7 88, male; Fig. 789, female). 00 _ 1 7 • 



The oak ugly-nest tortricid, Archips fervidana. '^ 'f ; Jl]-- , ,/J\li\ 

 — The nests of this species are common on our male, 

 oak-trees in late summer. They are merely a wad 

 of leaves fastened together. Each nest contains several larvae; later 

 the empty pupa-skins may be found clinging to the outside of the 

 nest as in the preceding species. 



^^<, J The fruit-tree ugly-nest tortricid, Archips 



^^^^^^^^Bk cirgyrospUa: — This is one of the most destructive 



'^^^^HJkHBF of the leaf -rollers infesting fruit trees. It is a very 



WSpE^B^ general feeder attacking both fruit and forest trees. 



^ The eggs are laid on the bark of the twigs in June. 



Fig. -j^^.— Archips The larvae hatch about May ist of the following 



female * ^ '"' ^ ^ '^' year and enter the opening buds, where they roll 



and fasten the leaves loosely together with silken 



threads. After the fruits set, they are often included in the nests 



and ruined by the caterpillars eating large irregular holes in them. 



The pine-leaf tube-builder, Eidia pinatuhdna.- — One of the most 



interesting of tortricid nests occurs commonly on white pine. Each 



nest consists of from six to fifteen leaves drawn together so as to form 



a tube, and is lined with silk. This tube serves as a protection to the 



larva, which comes out from it to feed upon the ends of the leaves 



of which the tube is composed; in this way the tube is shortened. 



I bred the moth from nests collected at Ithaca, N. Y.; and have 



found similar nests as far south as Florida. The moth expands 12 



mm. Its head, thorax, and fore wings are of a dull rust-red color, 



with two oblique paler bands crossing the fore wings, one a little 



before the middle, the other a little beyond and parallel with it. 



Family PHALONIID^ 



In this family and in the following one the first anal vein is lost 

 in both fore and hind wings and vein Cu2 arises from the outer fourth 

 of the discal cell.' In this family vein Mi of the hind wings is pre- 

 served, usually stalked with vein Rg. The palpi of the two sexes are 

 alike. 



More than one hundred North American species have been de- 

 scribed, and constantly others are being found. Comparatively little 

 is known about the habits of our species; but most of theEuropean 

 species whose habits are known are borers, chiefly in herbaceous plants. 



The juniper web-worm, Phalonia rutildna. — This is an imported 

 species which has attracted attention by its injuries to junipers, the 



