LEPIDOPTERA 737 



wings are flecked, with small or very small irregular white spots, and 

 the hind wings are crossed beneath by two rather narrow, parallel, 

 inconspicuous darker bands. These skippers are distinguished as 

 follows. 



The northern cloudy-wing, Thoryhes pylades. — In this species the 

 white spots on the fore wing are usually mere points, although their 

 number and size va^ y. The species is found in nearly all parts of the 

 United States. The larva commonly feeds on clover. 



The southern cloudy-wing, Thoryhes daunus.- — In this species the 

 white spots are larger than in the preceding, almost forming a con- 

 tinuous band. It differs also in that the males do not have a costal 

 fold. It is widely distributed over the Eastern United States, except 

 the more northern portions. 



To the genus Thanaos belong a large number of species which on 

 account of their dark colors have been named dusky-wings. These 

 species resemble each other so closely in markings that it is very 

 difficult to separate them without longer descriptions than can be 

 given here. The one following will serve as an example. 



Martial's dusky-wing, Thanaos martidlis. — The wings are grayish 

 brown with many dark brown spots evenly distributed and with 

 several minute white ones on the outer half of the fore wings (Fig. 

 940). This skipper is found throughout the greater part of the 

 United States east of the Rocky Mountains, and in Canada. 



Among the smaller members of this subfamily are the skippers 

 of the genus Pholisora. The most widely distributed species of this 

 genus is the sooty-wing, Pholisora catiillus. The expanse of the wings 

 is a little more than 25 mm. The wings are nearly black, marked 

 with minute white spots, which vary in size and number. This species 

 is found throughout the United States and southern Canada. 



The genus Hesperia includes a considerable number of small 

 skippers, which are easily recognized by their checkered markings of 

 white upon a dark brown ground. Small white spots on the wings 

 are common in this subfamily, but in this genus the white spots are 

 unusually large, so large in some cases that they occupy the greater 

 part of the wing. One of the more common species is the variegated 

 tessellate, Hesperia tesselldta. This is distributed from the Atlantic 

 to the Pacific, and is the only one common in the Eastern United 

 States. In this species more than one-half of the outer two-thirds of 

 both fore and hind wings is white. 



Subfamily PAMPHILIN^ 



Skippers with a Brand and their Allies 



This subfamily includes the greater number of our smaller skippers. 

 Some of the species, however, surpass in size many of the Hesperiinae. 

 To the Pamphilinaj belong all of our common tawny skippers, as well 

 as some black or dark brown species. The antennae usually have a 

 stout club, with a short, recurved tip; sometimes this tip is wanting. 



