LEPIDOPTERA 



755 



of the hind wings. The larva feeds on everlasting (Antennaria) and 

 allied plants. This species occurs in Ontario and nearly the whole 

 of the United States, also in South America and the Canary Islands. 

 The painted beauty has been commonly known in this country as 

 Vanessa huntcra; but Vanessa virginiensis is the older name. 



The cosmoplite, Vanessa cdrdui. — The Butterfly resembles the 

 preceding very closely in color and markings. There is however, a 

 smaller proportion of orange markings ; and on the lower surface of 

 the hind wings there is a submarginal row oifour or five eye-like spots. 

 The larva feeds upon Compositos, especially thistles. This species 

 is very remarkable for its wide distribution. Mr. Scudder states 

 "with the exception of the arctic regions and South America it is 

 distributed over the entire extent of every continent." 



The American tortoise-shell, Aglais milberti. — The wings above are 

 brownish black, with a broad orange-fulvous band between the middle 

 and the outer margin. There are 

 two fulvous spots in the discal 

 cell of the front wings (Fig. 963). 

 The larvaj feed on nettle (Urtica) 

 and are gregarious in habits. 

 This species occurs in the north- 

 ern portions of the United States 

 and in Canada. 



The mourning-cloak, Euva- 

 nessa anUopa. — The wings above 

 are purplish brown, with a broad 

 yellow border on the outer mar- 

 gin sprinkled with brown, and a submarginal row of blue spots. The 

 upper surface is represented by Figure 964, the lower by Figure 960, 5. 



The larvae 

 live on willow, 

 elm, poplar and 

 Celtis; they are 

 gregarious, and 

 often strip large 

 branches of their 

 leaves. The spe- 

 cies is usually 

 two-brooded. 

 "This buttei-fly 

 is apparently dis- 

 tributed over the 

 entire breadth of 

 the Northern 

 Hemisphere be- 

 Fig. g64.—Euvanessa antiopa. low the Arctic 



Circle as far as 

 the thirtieth parallel of latitude." (Scudder.) 



Fig. 963. — Aglais milberti. 



