240 



AN INTRODUCTION TO ENTOMOLOGY 



back side forward. 



Fig. 254. — Atlanticns testaceus, male 

 (From Lugger.) 



It was the large size of the pronotum that sug- 

 gested for the group the popular 

 name the shield-backed grass- 

 hoppers. 



These insects live in grassy 

 fields or in open woods, where 

 they hop about in exposed posi- 

 tions. Even dn some of the short- 

 winged forms the stridulating or- 

 gans of the tegmina of the males 

 are well deiveloped. 



The North American species 

 represent twenty genera ; most of 

 these are found west of the Mississippi River, a few species occur m 

 the east; nearly all of these belong to the g^^rms Atldnticus. Figure 



254 represents the male of At- 

 Idnticus testaceus, and Figure 



255 the female of Atlanticus 

 davisi. 



Most of the species of this 

 subfamily are local or very 

 rare and not of economic im- 

 portance; but species of the 

 genus Anabrns and of Perdna- 

 brns at times invade cultivated areas in the western United States 

 and do immense damage. Many popular names have been applied 

 to these insects; perhaps the one in most general use is the western 

 cricket. 



A very complete monograph of the North American species of 

 this subfamily has been published by Caudell ('07). 



Fig. 255. — Atlanticus davisi, female. 



Subfamily GRYLLACRIN^ 



The Leaf-rolling Grasshoppers 



The members of this subfamily agree with the preceding sub- 

 families and differ from the two following in having the tarsi more or 



less depressed. They 

 agree with the fol- 

 lowing subfamilies 

 and differ from the 

 preceding in the ab- 

 sence of auditory 

 t>Tnpana in the fore 

 tibi« and in the ab- 

 sence of stridulating 

 organs even when the 

 tegmina are present. 

 Only a single spe- 



Fig. 256. — Camptonotus carolinensis, female. 

 Blatchley.) 



(From 



