EMBIIDINA 



339 



appearance (Fig. 3 89) . In those forms where the venation of the wings 

 has been reduced by the atrophy of veins, the brown bands persist 

 after the veins have faded out ; hence it is easy to determine by these 

 bands the former position of veins that have been lost. A discussion 

 of the venation of the wings of the Embiidina is given in my "The 

 Wings of Insects." 



The antenncB are fihform and are composed of from sixteen to 

 thirty -two segments . The compound eyes consist of many ommatidia, 





Fig. 389. — Fore wing of Oligotoma saundersi: A, the wing; B, outline of the wing 

 showing the existing venation; C, outline of the wing showing the venation 

 restored. (After Wood- Mason.) 



which are of the eucone type. Ocelli are always wanting. The 

 mouth-parts are mandibulate; the maxillary palpi are five-jointed 

 and the labial palpi three-jointed. The abdomen is composed of ten 

 distinct segments and bears at its tig a pair of two-jointed cerci. 



Figure 387 represents the male of Enibia sabulosa, with the wing 

 of one side removed; and Figure 388, the female of this species. 



The metamorphosis is of a type intermediate between gradual and 

 complete. This was shown by Melander ('02 b), who studied the 

 development of Enibia texdna. The young resemble the adults in 

 the form of the body, except that the body is cylindrical instead of 

 depressed; and the cuticula of the young is less densely chitinized 

 and pigmented than is that of the adult. In the case of the females 



