698 



AN INTRODUCTION TO ENTOMOLOGY 



middle stripes; the orange bands are marked by black, conical, 

 elevated spots. There are usually two broods each year, the moths 



appearing on the wing in 

 X~^^^_^g^^_, May and August, the 



caterpillars in June and 



July, and in September. 



The pupa state is passed 



in an earthen cell in the 



ground. 

 Fig. SSi.—Alypia octomaculata, larva. This species is found 



in the Atlantic States 

 from Massachusetts to Texas. ' 



Langton's forester, Alypia langtonii. — This species resembles the 

 preceding in general appearance, but the females 

 can be readily distinguished by the hind wings 

 bearing only a single spot, which is yellow. The 

 males are dimorphic; in one form the males re- 

 semble the females in having a single spot on the 

 hind wings, in the other form there are two spots 

 (Fig. 882). This species is found in northern New 

 ' York, the mountains of New Hampshire, Canada 

 to the Pacific Coast, and the mountains of Cali- 

 fornia. The larva feeds on fireweed, Epilohium angustifolium. 



Fig. 882.- 

 langtonii. 



-Alypia 



-^ — TdA 



Fig. 883. — Wings of Gnophcela latipenms. 



Family PERICOPID^ 



The Pericopids 



These beautiful in- 

 sects occur within the 

 limits of our country 

 only in the far West and 

 in the Gulf States. They 

 resemble the wood- 

 monph moths in their 

 strongly contrasting 

 colors; but can be dis- 

 tinguished from them by 

 the position of the origin 

 of vein M2 of the hind 

 wings, which appears to 

 be a branch of cubitus 

 (Fig. 883). 



This family is repre- 

 sented in our fauna by 

 only four species; but 

 these represent three gen- 

 era. Our most common 

 species is Gnophcela 



